Questions On Writing An Essay Essay - 9089 Words

So you re a competent writer. You have written plenty of essays in high school. Yet, for some reason, you still can t see to get an A on an essay. You have the basics of writing down, so what more can you do? Here are some more advanced advice to spice up your essays, and earn you that A! How to Write a College Essay: Address the Opposition Read any book about writing an essay, and you will be told to address the opposition. Acknowledging that your thesis can be argued may seem like it would hinder your essay, but it actually makes it stronger. When you leave the reader to come up with their own argument against your essay, they think that your ideas are then wrong. By saying that there is a counter argument, you are actually strengthening your essay. You are saying that your idea is in fact the better idea compared to the opposition. You can address the counter argument in a couple of different ways. You can either write the counter arguments all in one paragraph, or weave them into your paper. The most important thing to remember is to address the opposition for every assertion you make. Being consistent in this makes you seem like you have a though out position, and will be taken more seriously by the reader. How to Write a College Essay: Define the Abstract Defining terms may seem like something high school told you never to do. And you should never start out an essay by saying: The dictionary defines writing as†¦. But defining what you mean when youShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The English Class, My Eyes Opened At New Techniques927 Words   |  4 Pagesimprove my writing. Throughout this course, my class was assigned four essays all of which asking different questions. Some of the essay were more difficult than another because it required more work and research; however, writing these essays helped me to grow as a better writer. During these essay writing process, I was able to grab a sense of what is and what is not essential when writi ng an essay and to remember to avoid diverging from the essay topic itself. Out of the four essays- Arguing aRead MoreHome And Writing Resources And Strategies For Essay Writing1241 Words   |  5 Pagesto main content Writing Project Writing Program NEWSTUTORINGRESOURCESBLOGSTAFF HOME / WRITING RESOURCES / STRATEGIES FOR ESSAY WRITING / Essay Structure Writing an academic essay means fashioning a coherent set of ideas into an argument. Because essays are essentially linear—they offer one idea at a time—they must present their ideas in the order that makes most sense to a reader. Successfully structuring an essay means attending to a reader s logic. The focus of such an essay predicts its structureRead MoreHow to Write Accounting Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesHow to write an accounting essay... The basis of most academic work is the ability to construct a good essay. Although this sounds obvious, it is a skill which most students need to develop as none of us is born with the natural ability to write an essay, never mind one which will both address a given topic effectively and adequately support an argument with evidence. The most important aspect of writing an accounting essay or report is that the content must be informative and factually accurate;Read MoreThe Academic Expository Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesThe Academic Expository Essay The academic expository essay is a genre of essay that requires the student to investigate an idea, evaluate evidence, talk about the idea, and present an argument concerning that idea in a clear and concise manner. This can be accomplished through: 1. Cause and effect 2. Comparison and contrast 3. Argumentation and various other genres. Please note: Academic essays of cause and effect, comparison and contrast and argumentation are commonly assigned asRead MoreWrite Cpa Exam Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesTechnical Writing. Friday: 5:30 - 9:30 P.M. SUBJECT: CPA Essay Writing Formula TO: Alexander Luther, CPA candidate FROM: Azim Jivani, CPA DATE: February 18, 2011 It has been brought to my attention that the current CPA exam has gone through some changes primarily in the writing section. â€Å"To earn points for a written communications question, candidates must read a description of a situation or scenario, and must write a document that relates or responds to that scenario† (CPA). There is almostRead MoreThe Six Steps of Writing an Academic Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesThere are six steps to writing an academic essay. If you follow each of these steps correctly, you will find that you can write university essays that will earn you a distinction (or high distinction) every time. It is simply a matter of understanding what steps to follow, and then completing each of them thoroughly. This article provides an outline and brief description of each of these steps. It is an introduction to a series of articles that will examine each step in more depth. Reading justRead MoreI Am My Best Writing869 Words   |  4 PagesWriting has always been difficult for me. I learned to read and write in second grade because I had cancer, this lead me to become behind in school. However, leaving this class I feel confident about my writing. Freshman Composition has forced me to improve with my semicolon use, coma use, and vocabulary. My work had not always been smooth and easy to read, but today my writing has improved extremely; for instance, looking back on my first essay to my last I can tell I have improved just by lookingRead MoreThe Difference Between Essay Writing And Writing903 Words   |  4 PagesEssay writing and report writing is quite much similar that many of people get confused in the difference between essay writing and report writing. Inspite of having some simi larities, they both are written insignificantly different styles. Essay writing and report writing should be written in a formal academic style with checking of grammar,presentations and spelling . There are some similar things in essay writing and report writing because both start with an introduction, body with discussionsRead MoreMy Relationship With Academic Writing791 Words   |  4 PagesWriting was something my high school stressed a lot. The main focus however was quantity over quality. We were given one essay every month to write in class for each of our classes. They made us write all of these essays in an effort to make us better writers, but never gave back any feedback. I picked up one skill with this and that was how to put words on a page and finish the assignment. The difference in college was the amount of essays I had to write went down, but the importance of theseRead MoreWriting Is An Important Aspect1124 Words   |  5 Pages Essay Writing Essay writing is an important aspect, not just in the life of the average student, but also every other person in general. This is because they are not only used by to assess the performance of students, express ideas or develop creativity, but people regularly in their every day life also use them. For instance, when writing resumes, in publication agencies such as magazines and newspapers, writing contracts, journals, and for other reasons. There have

The Problems of Sociolinguistic Studies of Gender...

The Problems of Sociolinguistic Studies of Gender Differences Introduction It has long been assumed that women and men differ in their use of language. These differences are supposed to represent (and perpetuate) the social divisions between women and men. Few researchers will disagree that women and men’s speech styles are different, though they may disagree as to what extent or as to what these differences may mean. Expecting to find such differences, I began a study of a two-hour conversation with my family. But in the course of attempting to transcribe my family’s conversations and in reviewing the current research, I encountered many difficulties. Nearly every article I read seemed to contradict the previous†¦show more content†¦In her study, she found that use of more Standard English forms by the women in the community reflected their different job opportunities. The women mainly worked in white-collar jobs, such as teaching, where education and an understanding of Standard English were necessary. They also tended to have jobs that isolated them from members of their home speech community. The men in Nichols’ study, however, worked in higher-paying, blue-collar jobs with co-workers who were mainly from their home speech community. Nichols’ position is that, because of this discrepancy, the women were more motivated to use Standard English than the men were (Nichols 1983). Assuming that differences between women and men are due to the fact of their gender is a perfect example of what Aries calls the fundamental attribution error. The fundamental attribution error refers to a tendency to attribute a person’s behavior to some aspect of that person (e.g. gender), without considering the social context (Aries 1997: 92). In the example above, Nichols illustrates how opportunity and motivation can shape linguistic behavior. Of course, gender probably had an effect on the type of job opportunities available, but had only an indirect effect on linguistic behavior. Researcher Bias Most researchers begin their study with the expectation that they will findShow MoreRelatedVariation in Address Forms for Arab Married and Unmarried Woeman in the World1512 Words   |  7 Pagesnamely, positive politeness and negative politeness refers to the strategies that is speaker uses to express solidarity, intimacy or equal status with addresses. By contrast, negative politeness refers to the expresstion of social distance or status difference (Holmes, 1995:297). 1.2 Terms of Address The most common honorifics in communication are usually placed immediately before a persons name. Honorific, used for style and as forms of address, are Mrs if the female is married, Miss if sheRead MoreGender Is A Social Construct Rather Than Of Biological Origin1732 Words   |  7 Pages Gender is a social construct which is regarded as a sociolinguistic variable that affects language use in society. This contributed to characterizing many different aspects of life that were thought to be understood to be of social construct rather than of biological origin. Language as a crucial communication tool, not only reflects the reality of the society, but also has various functions to strengthen and maintain social existence. Males and females use different ways of thinking, processingRead MoreFactors Affecting the Second Language Learners Fluency.2158 Words   |  9 Pagesthe fluent of speech. This problem may encounter most second language teachers and learners. I have chosen to write about factors affecting the second language learners fluency (SLLF) in order to increase teachers awareness about these factors and to enable teachers to improve second language learners fluency. Though there are different perspectives of these factors: sociolinguistic, psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic. This essay is going to focus on the sociolinguistic factors in particular dueRead MoreThree Waves of Variation Study14802 Words   |  60 Pages1 Three Waves of Variation Study: The emergence of meaning in the study of variation Penelope Eckert Stanford University Abstract The treatment of social meaning in variation has come in three waves of analytic practice. The first wave of variation studies established broad correlations between linguistic variables and the macro-sociological categories of socioeconomic class, sex class, ethnicity and age. The second wave employed ethnographic methods to explore the local categories and configurationsRead MoreThe Speech Community.Pdf11808 Words   |  48 PagesSchilling-Estes (eds.), Handbook of language variation and change. Oxford: Blackwell. ABSTRACT: empirical linguistics, is at the intersection of many principal problems in sociolinguistic theory and method. This paper traces its history of development contemporary and notions, divergence, and discusses surveys links general to problems key issues with in The speech community (SpCom), a core concept in investigating language variation and change. It neither offers a new and correct definition norRead MoreThe For Intellectual Property Law Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pageseffectively being a lawyer specializing in Intellectual Property Law, will require that I first graduate with a four-year degree. The degree with which one takes is not specific, in fact, law schools admit individuals with degrees from almost every field of study (LearnHowToBecome.org, 2016). The next step is going through law school which typically takes three years. While at law school, studying a curriculum specific to Intellectual Property Law would be beneficial, though not required. The final step toRead MoreThe Difference between Language and Dialect3926 Words   |  16 Pages Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã©â„¢ ¢ ï ¼Å¡ é «ËœÃ§ º §Ã§ ¿ »Ã¨ ¯â€˜Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã©â„¢ ¢ Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã§ º § ï ¼Å¡ 2007ç º § ç  â€Ã§ © ¶Ã¦â€" ¹Ã¥ â€˜ ï ¼Å¡ 商åŠ ¡Ã§ ¿ »Ã¨ ¯â€˜Ã§  â€Ã§ © ¶ è ¯ ¾Ã§ ¨â€¹Ã¥  Ã§ § ° ï ¼Å¡ è ¯ ­Ã¨ ¨â‚¬Ã¥ ­ ¦Ã§ â€ Ã¨ ® º ä » »Ã¨ ¯ ¾Ã¨â‚¬ Ã¥ ¸Ë† ï ¼Å¡Ã¨Å½ «Ã§Ë† ±Ã¥ ± Ã¦â€¢â„¢Ã¦Å½Ë† è ® ºÃ¦â€"‡æ  Ã¤ º ¤Ã¦â€" ¥Ã¦Å"Ÿ ï ¼Å¡ 2008/01/08 Abstract: This paper aims to probe into the study of language and dialect in the field of sociolinguistics. Part 1 is a general introduction to the issues being covered in the paper. Part 2 centers on the analysis of certain criteria that probably could be applied as to differentiate a language from a dialect. Part 3 and PartRead MoreGender Differences in the Use of Adjectives and Intensifiers3008 Words   |  13 PagesUniversity of Debrecen Gender Differences in the Use of Adjectives and Intensifiers Sà ¡nta Dià ¡na Supervisor: Koczogh Helga Vanda 2012 | 1. Introduction The investigation of male and female speech differences is a major topic in sociolinguistics. The literature on this issue is vast; it has beenRead MoreThe Sapir Whorf Hypothesis And Arguments For And Against It1421 Words   |  6 PagesFor all humans, language is the most common means of communication with others and it enables us to share our experiences and stories and to tell about our needs and feelings. For example, Yamamoto states that sociolinguistics see, it is ‘primarily through the use of language that people communicate with each other’ (1979: 146). We all speak one or more languages and as the main way of communication it is an important and vital part of our lives. There is many languages in the world and they differRead MoreLanguage Is the Mirror of Society4885 Words   |  20 PagesPreamble: Sociolinguistics is the mirror of society. It is not presupposed. We have to mention some important feature and information to justify the comment. To prove this we should clarify some initial terms before discussing further. Sociolinguistics: Sociolinguistics is the study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and the effects of language use on society. Sociolinguistics differs from sociology

A Model of Christian Charity by John Winthrop Essay free essay sample

Winthrop’s and his fellow Puritan’s purpose for going to the New World was to build a society with its foundation deeply rooted in strong, devout Christian values and ideas. He wanted to build a community with an established civil government, but more importantly, an ecclesiastical government, in which their covenant to God was absolute. If they broke their covenant they believed there would be dire consequences. One of the common themes that one can observe from the text is this, one must love their neighbor, be it friend or foe, and honor all around them in order for their New World to thrive. This was what Winthrop stated was a part of their covenant with God. He states this clearly when he says the quote, â€Å"†¦we must bring into familiar and constant practice; as in this duty of love, we must love brotherly without dissimulation, we must love one another with a pure heart fervently. We must bear one another’s burdens†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Winthrop guides his people not only in loving one’s neighbor, but also in loving God by putting his will before their own. By doing so, the Lord will show them more favor. In the text, Winthrop said, â€Å"Therefore let us choose life, that we and our seed may live, by obeying His voice and cleaving to Him, for He is our life and our prosperity. † What he is saying is choosing to obey God is the key to the success and freedom they long to have by moving to the New World. Winthrop stresses throughout the text hoe important loving and obeying God is for their well being. Through his profound words, Winthrop taught his fellow Puritans to be generous in their love for God. A part of loving God was doing all that was asked of them by the Lord. Again, he ties their love of God to loving one another by stating it is asked of them by God and in doing what God asks will thus help them achieve success in the New World. He also implied that their success was indeed in God’s will, but he also made it clear that by not coming together and by not obeying God to build such a glorious life as God intended, they cannot and will not survive. Winthrop’s main point in his sermon was that by giving all the glory to God, loving God with your entire being, and loving one another as you love God, would be how they survived in the New World. They were to keep God’s name in everything they did because God was absolute and must be obeyed, and if they didn’t obey God, their failure was eminent. Winthrop says in his sermon, â€Å"†¦but if we neglect the observation of these articles which are the ends we have propounded, and dissembling with our God, shall fall to embrace this present world and prosecute our cardinal intentions, seeking great things for ourselves and our prosperity, the Lord will surely break out in wrath against us, and be revenged of such a people, and make us know what the price of the breach of such a covenant. Winthrop was saying that, as a community, if they disobeyed God they wouldn’t make it to the New World, let alone be successful there. Winthrop concluded his sermon with a summary of what he had initially stated throughout the sermon, but interjected some very profound words. He said that he wanted New England to be the guide for the plantations and the colonies that suc ceeded thereafter. Winthrop wanted New England to be called â€Å"the city upon a hill†. He envisioned a â€Å"perfect† society under God. Winthrop’s sentiments toward the New World, what we now call America, is that of perfection under the laws of God. Basically, if you obey God, your society and its people would be highly favored and protected by God. I, however, do not share these same sentiments toward my country as Winthrop did his New England. In my opinion, God doesn’t just show favor to a single nation based on the entire nation’s obedience. I believe, however, that some people are highly favored. Those people who, like the Puritans, follow God’s covenant, the Bible, to the letter are whom I speak of. The Bible teaches us that God loves all of His children, presumably â€Å"all† meaning every nation, not just America by itself. God’s love and laws are both very absolute and clear. God punishes those who break his laws or who are not faithful to Him, as a parent would their child. If a child is disobedient to his parent, there are consequences. The same concept goes for God and his laws and commandments. However, to say God rewards or punishes a nation based on the whole nation’s faithfulness is rather complicated to say the least. The question in itself is a paradox of sorts. For example, let’s take the cliche scenario of a team, any team, being punished as a whole for the acts of one of its members. Is that fair to do to the rest of the team? What is the purpose behind punishing the whole team for the mistakes of one person? Though it is safe to say that the individual should be reprimanded for their actions, what is the lesson for the rest of the team? Is it to be a warning to the rest of the team? The innocent suffer for the guilty? That’s like saying God will smite my whole family for my having pre-marital sex. What would be the point in it? I am the one who has sinned, not my family. Again, this is a paradox because there is no right or wrong, black or white, cut and dry solution for such a scenario. This is a very debatable subject when speaking of God’s punishment in terms of nations vs. an individual. As an individual, one has certain responsibilities to God, but do we go so far to say the same goes for an entire nation? As an American citizen, I feel a certain level of pride in regards to what our place is â€Å"considered† to be in this world. Though in the eyesight of God we are all equal, other countries view us as the land of hope and dreams come true. America, for centuries, has been a refuge for the impoverished, abused, and displaced people from all over God’s green earth. We are the most diverse country in the world with all of our different cultures, languages, and people. I feel America’s mission has always been, to some degree or another, â€Å"America to the rescue†! We are the land of the free and the home of the brave. America is where dreams come true. In this place, you can be whatever you want to be or whatever you don’t want to be. Here, one can make his own decisions and choices without having to fear for his life or worry about prosecution from a tyrannical leader. I suppose one can conclude that to other people and countries, yes America is special in some way or another. America represents, above all else, FREEDOM! John Winthrop envisioned that America was perfect. America today may not be perfect in the eyes of Puritans, but in the eyes of those poor starving people in other various nations, we are that place everyone wants to be like†¦that â€Å"city upon a hill. †

Native Son- Cycle of Poverty Essay Example

Native Son- Cycle of Poverty Essay Cycle of Poverty Do poor children become poor adults? Does your financial status predetermine you and your family’s success rate? The cycle of poverty is a cold hearted phenomenon. Throughout the world families struggle to break the cycle of poverty- but does it work? In Native Son by Richard Wright, the cycle of poverty rules the Thomas family. They are born into poverty and find it extremely difficult to lift themselves out of their tragic situation. Although several individuals in the novel work to end the cycle, many of their solutions are insufficient and do not take on the problem as a whole. Bigger Thomas and his family clearly portray a typical family stuck in the cycle of poverty. Although many attempts are made to break the cycle, we learn that it takes more than a few individuals to end poverty. The Thomas family fits almost perfectly into the cycle of poverty. Bigger, the main character, lives with his two siblings and his mother. His father died during a riot, leaving his uneducated mother alone with three children, and his children without a role model. This describes the first steps of the cycle of poverty. An uneducated single parent has little opportunities to move forward in life. We will write a custom essay sample on Native Son- Cycle of Poverty specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Native Son- Cycle of Poverty specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Native Son- Cycle of Poverty specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Biggers mother struggles to pay their high rent of $8 while trying to properly raise, feed, clothe, and take care of three children. With a single parent trying to make ends meet, the kids are often unsupervised. Supervision is important in early life because it enforces rules and teaches right from wrong. If children are unsupervised, they miss out on learning the basics of life and how things work. Unsupervised kids often get caught up in mischief and mayhem. Bigger constantly finds himself hanging around with a group of guys whose thoughts revolve around crime. They conspire to rob a liquor store, they masturbate in a public theater, they get into fights, and more. Furthermore, with so much crime committed by those in poverty- many of whom are African American- discrimination comes easily to others. A newspaper during Bigger’s murder trial explains that, â€Å"Thomas comes of a poor darky family of shiftless and immoral variety. He was raised here and is known to local residents as an irreformable sneak theif and liar. . . Crimes such as Bigger Thomas murders could be lessened by segregating all Negroes in parks, playgrounds, cafes, theatres, and street cars. Residential segregation is imperative† (p. 280-281). This discrimination keeps the doors shut to many opportunities. Whites viewed blacks as inadequate, incapable, dangerous, untrustworthy people. For this reason, blacks were not allowed to do many of the things that whites were able to. In Biggers case, he wanted to fly: â€Å"If you wasn’t black and you had some money and if they’d let you go to that aviation school, you could fly a plane† (p. 17). The disappointment of having nothing to aspire to or look forward to causes people to lose hope. Once hope is lost, it is hard to rise up. Being so restrained also makes people feel trapped and isolated, â€Å"‘. . . I just can’t get used to it,’ Bigger said, ‘I swear to God I can’t. . . Every time I think about it I feel like somebody’s poking a red hot iron down my throat. Goddamn it, look! We live here and they live there. We black and they white. They got things and we ain’t. They do things and we can’t. It’s just like living in jail. Half the time I feel like I’m on the outside of the world peeping in through a knothole in the fence†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 21). Since the chances of achieving the â€Å"normal† is so low for those in poverty, their standards and goals are compromised. Instead of striving to be the best, they strive to just live comfortably. These are all parts of the cycle of poverty that keep people from thriving or â€Å"living†. Mr. Dalton, a white millionaire in Native Son, takes several approaches to help end the cycle of poverty for African Americans. His solutions include sending ping-pong tables to the South Side Boys Club, offer some African Americans jobs, and send money to African American education programs. Although these are good attempts, they do not efficiently help the poor people as a whole. His action of sending ping-pong tables does not educate, offer opportunity, give self-esteem or confidence, and does not create equality in any way. These would be good steps to improving the poor’s lifestyle. Max tries to relay this to Mr. Dalton in Biggers jail cell: â€Å"Will ping-pong tables keep men from murdering? Cant you see? Even after losing your daughter, youre going to keep going in the same direction? Dont you grant as much life-feeling to other men as you have? Could ping-pong have kept you from making your millions? This boy and millions like him want a meaningful life, not ping-pong (p. 295). Although it does not offer any opportunities, it does help keep young African Americans busy and off the streets, therefore reducing crime. When kids are actively busy and productive, they are less likely to participate in mischievous activities. By Dalton offering jobs to African Americans he is definitely helping their society. The only problem with this idea is that h e is only helping one out of millions of people. He cannot end the cycle of poverty through one person. Dalton offers Bigger a job working as his family’s chauffeur, trying to give Bigger a chance at the world. While his intentions are good, he is subliminally enforcing the concept of blacks being inferior to whites. He works in the house serving their family. He is somewhat in the same situation as slaves- which the time period had just gotten over- except he was treated well and paid. With this job, Bigger realized that there is no room for improvement or a higher status. The most beneficial thing that Dalton did to support the black community was send money to educational programs. Education is the first step to success, and by allowing more African Americans to obtain an education he is helping the black community take a step forward. If more African Americans were educated, then less of them would be in poverty which would cause less discrimination and so on. Overall, his attempts do slowly help progress the African American race, but they were still not sufficient to end the cycle as a whole. Just as Mr. Dalton, Max has good intentions in helping the poor and his solutions as well are not sufficient. Max, who is Biggers lawyer at his murder trial, tries helping the poor black community by defending African Americans in court. He is one of the few people who realizes racism and discrimination, and he wants to change it. He tells in court the reasons why Bigger commits the awful crimes that he does. His explanation blames the whites for oppressing him and never giving him a chance to â€Å"live†. Max sees the big picture in which no one else can seem to grasp: â€Å"Multiply Bigger Thomas twelve million times, allowing for environmental and temperamental variations, and for those Negroes who are completely under the influence of the church, and you have the psychology of the Negro people. But once you have them as a whole, once your eyes leave the individual and encompass the mass, a new quality comes into the picture. Taken collectively, they are not simply twelve million people; in reality they constitute a separate nation, stunted, stripped, and held captive within this nation, devoid of political, social, economic, and property rights† (p. 397). Max explains how this reason led to Bigger Thomas murdering, standing up for the African American race at the same time. The only problems with Maxs solution to defend blacks is that he is connected to the communist party. A local preacher tries to convince Max that he is jeopardizing Biggers case, â€Å". . . there ain no usa draggin no Communism in this thing, Mistah. Ah respecks yo feelins powerfully, suh; but whut yuhs astin jus stirs up mo hate† (p. 289). Many people are against communism and even afraid of it. Bringing communism into a non-communistic case only brings trouble. People will have no trouble connecting the two, even if they are completely unrelated. Another problem with Maxs solution is that he is trying to help those who have already lost the battle. There is no hope for those who have their fate decided for them already- death. He should try to catch these people early, before they make the wrong decisions. Even though Max sees the whole picture, he is wasting his time at the wrong end of the cycle of poverty. Breaking the cycle of poverty will take more than helping a few individuals and saving a couple people from death row. In order to create an escape from the cycle, actions will need to be taken at the very first steps of poverty. Education is the most important factor of success and unfortunately, not many of the poor are offered the chance to a good education. Systems could be set up that provide cheap, convenient, and accessible education. These systems could be in personal environments, at a local church, over the computer, on video, etc. Getting the poor educated will then lead to them making better decisions and having more opportunities. As for unsupervised children who often end up in trouble with the law, community centers could be built. These places could offer fun activities, food, tutors, and overall just a place to â€Å"hangout†. Giving children somewhere to go keeps them off the streets and out of trouble. Community center supervisors could also play as role models for those who are in lack of. Another way to help prevent some people from falling into the cycle of poverty is to offer free contraception and medical care. Planned Parenthood and other facilities currently provide these types of services, but making them more accessible and more convenient would help save many teens from unwanted pregnancies. In all, one person can not end the cycle of poverty; there must be a change in society as a whole. The cycle of poverty is shown clearly throughout Native Son, with Bigger Thomas and his family being stuck right in it. With the restrictions that are put on them, they struggle greatly to improve their lives. It seems impossible for them to be anything but poor. Although both Mr. Dalton and Max try to help the Thomas family, we learn that the problem is much larger than what they can handle. It takes a want for change from society, not from a selected few. Problems need to be nipped in the bud to ensure that everyone gets the same chance at life. Although this ideal may not be attainable, we are certainly able to try to improve the current conditions.

Sapient and Savor

Sapient and Savor Sapient and Savor Sapient and Savor By Mark Nichol Sapient and savor are cognates (words with the same origin)- which shouldn’t be surprising, as they both pertain to being perceptive. These words, and the others discussed below, derive from the Latin verb sapere, meaning â€Å"taste† or â€Å"have a flavor.† Savor, from the same Old French word, is both a noun and a verb, though the former is rare; that form refers to having a good smell or taste or to a quality that makes something enjoyable or interesting, while the verb means â€Å"enjoy for a long time.† The adjectival form, savory, means â€Å"pleasant smelling or tasting† but also applies to foods that are salty or spicy but not sweet. By extension, something savory is morally acceptable; the antonym, unsavory, is more common. A related, though rare, term is sapid; similarly, insipid, its opposite, is more widely employed, though it is more likely to be used to mean â€Å"boring† or â€Å"dull† in reference to a person’s personality rather than â€Å"lacking in flavor.† Savoir faire, adopted into English directly from French, stems from the French verb savoir, meaning â€Å"know†; it means, basically, â€Å"knowing the right thing to do† in the sense of acting appropriately in society. (Faire is derived from the Latin verb facere, meaning â€Å"do,† which is also the source of fact.) A similar French term, savoir vivre (literally, â€Å"knowing how to live elegantly†), likewise made its way into English but is much less well known. A savant is â€Å"a learned person,† which is its definition in the original French. The phrase â€Å"idiot savant† was applied, starting in the late nineteenth century, to someone who has what is now referred to as savant syndrome, a condition in which a person with a mental disability nevertheless demonstrates exceptional skills in mathematics, memory, or art or music. (Idiot, ultimately from Greek, originally referred to an ignorant person but then became a classification of mental ability; it has come almost full circle in meaning.) The term savvy, which refers to practical intelligence (and is employed as a verb meaning â€Å"know† or â€Å"understand†), started out as pidgin developed in parallel from the French phrase savez-vous, meaning â€Å"Do you know?† and the Spanish phrase sabe usted, meaning â€Å"You know.† Sapient, borrowed directly from French, means â€Å"wise†; the binomial nomenclature for the human race is Homo sapiens (literally, â€Å"human being wise†). A neologism, sapiosexual (apparently coined in the late 1990s), refers to someone attracted to highly intelligent people. Sage, descended from an Old French word spelled the same way, was originally an adjective meaning â€Å"wise† but came to be used as a noun as well to refer to a wise person. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Is Irony? (With Examples)Do you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?How to Punctuate Introductory Phrases

What You Need To Know About Cinco de Mayo in English and Spanish

What You Need To Know About Cinco de Mayo in English and Spanish  ¿Quà © es el Cinco de Mayo? What is Cinco de Mayo? This bilingual feature has been written with classroom use in mind - a grammar guide at the end provides useful tips for Spanish students. En espaol: Los orgenes del Cinco de Mayo Muchos creen que el cinco de mayo es el aniversario de la independencia mexicana. Pero no tienen razà ³n - el dà ­a de independencia en Mà ©xico es el 16 de septiembre. Para familiarizarse con los orà ­genes de la celebracià ³n, es necesario estudiar los sucesos a mediados del siglo diecinueve. Despuà ©s de la Guerra Mexicana Americana, Mà ©xico enfrentaba una crisis econà ³mica. En 1861, Benito Jurez, el presidente mexicano, declarà ³ que Mà ©xico aplazarà ­a por dos aà ±os los pagos de deudas exteriores. Aunque Jurez hubo dicho que se reanudarà ­an los pagos en 1863, la promesa no satisfizo a Gran Bretaà ±a, Francia y Espaà ±a. Se ablandaban Gran Bretaà ±a y Espaà ±a, pero Francia insistià ³ en obtener su dinero por la fuerza. Napoleà ³n III, emperador de los franceses, nombrà ³ un pariente, archiduque Maximillian de Austria, el là ­der de Mà ©xico. Mientras marchaba hacia la Ciudad de Mà ©xico, el ejà ©rcito francà ©s enfrentaba resistencia tenaz. El 5 de mayo, 1862, el general Ignacio Zaragoza y su ejà ©rcito mexicano vencieron el ejà ©rcito francà ©s en la batalla de Puebla. La victoria mexicana era una sorpresa porque el ejà ©rcito francà ©s era ms grande y tenà ­a materiales superiores. Segà ºn  un refrn inglà ©s, es posible ganar la batalla y perder la guerra. Los franceses ganaron otras batallas, y Maximillian se hizo là ­der en 1864. Pero los franceses, enfrentando resistencia mexicana y presià ³n de los Estados Unidos, retiraron las tropas en 1867. El Cinco de Mayo es un dà ­a para conmemorar el coraje de los luchadores contra la opresià ³n. Quizs por eso este dà ­a de fiesta es muy popular dondequiera haya personas de ascendencia mexicana. Por ejemplo, la fiesta hoy dà ­a es muy popular en Estados Unidos, donde viven muchas persons con antepasados de Mà ©xico. In English: Origins of Mexicos Cinco de Mayo Many people believe that May 5 is the anniversary of the Mexican Independence. But theyre mistaken, for the Mexican Independence Day is September 16. To understand the origins of the celebration, you need to go back to the middle of the 19th century. After the Mexican-American War of 1846-48, Mexico was in a fiscal crisis. In 1861 Mexican President Benito Jurez declared that Mexico was suspending payment on all its foreign debt for two years. Even though Jurez had said payments would resume in 1863, Great Britain, France and Spain were not satisfied. Although the British and Spanish-backed off, France insisted on using force to secure its debt payments. French Emperor Napoleon III named a relative of his, Archduke Maximillian of Austria, as ruler of Mexico. As it was marching toward Mexico City, the French Army encountered stiff resistance. On May 5, 1862, General Ignacio Zaragoza defeated the French Army in the Battle of Puebla. The Mexican victory was a surprise, for the French Army was larger and better equipped. There is a saying that its possible to win the battle and lose the war. The French won other battles, and Maximillian became the ruler in 1864. But facing Mexican resistance and American pressure, the French withdrew their troops in 1867. Cinco de Mayo is a time to recognize the bravery of those who fight against oppression. Perhaps that is why this holiday is popular wherever there are people of Mexican descent. For example, the fiesta these days is very popular in the United States, where many people who have Mexican ancestors live. Grammatical Highlights Differences in uses of the two simple past tenses of Spanish can be seen in the article. In general, the preterite is used here in referring to ordinary events (such as with ganaron for the winning of battles), the imperfect is used to provide background, such as in the use of tenà ­an  materiales (literally had materiel). Names of the months typically arent capitalized in Spanish. The name of the holiday is, however. Adjectives such as mexicana and francà ©s derived from names of countries also arent capitalized, nor are most titles such as archiduque. Note how reflexive verbs such as familiarizarse and reanudarse (in the form se reanudarà ­an) are used. Alhough the two verbs could be translated literally in this context as to famliiarize oneself and to resume themselves, such a translation would be awkward. In the third paragraph, a comma is used after France in English but not after Francia in Spanish. That is because Spanish does not use the Oxford comma before the y (and) in a series of words.

Systems and Operationsmanagement Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Systems and Operationsmanagement - Coursework Example Various theories of operation and process management have been visited in the case study to formulate the appropriate recommendations. Since inception in 1970, Airbus has had to maintain a corporate goal of lunching a competitive fight that would enable the realisation of a sustainable market share. Despite the competitive nature of the market from major players such as Boeing and Lockheed, Airbus kept the nerve to initiate bold investment projects that enabled it to grow and reach the global status. A winning corporate combination of practices such as operations and strategy management ought to have played a major role in the rise of the company. To surpass its anticipated entry into the market, Airbus management had to venture into more challenging business that no one else had ventured into. An ambitious diversification of the organisation package of market participation was identified as the solution to keeping up with the pace of the market’s dynamic challenges. To this end, Airbus rolled out one of the most daring ventures amid internal capacity issues. Such a venture is the A380 project that became too much of a challenge along its initial implementation. Perhaps with the best operations and process realignments that corporations in this age need to armour their planning with, the success of the A380 project at Airbus would be a different story. An analysis of the project using insights postulated by systems and operations management theory has been used in the case study of the A380 project to highlight useful corporate lessons worth of sieving from the failures thereon. Airbus systems and operations logistics were evolving at an increasing rate since its founding in 1970 aiming to formulate a consortium of air transport initially covering Britain, Spain, Germany and France. As a consortium, it was not clear if the

Have advances in bioscience lead to the greater risk of a biological Essay

Have advances in bioscience lead to the greater risk of a biological attack by a non-state actor - Essay Example One of the reasons why that is so is that very few cases of the individuals or groups in possession of the biological weapons have conventionally been identified. Nevertheless, a review of the practices and trends of the non-state actors in the past provides a very subjective idea of the tendency of the contemporary non-state actors to cause harm to the society through the biological weapons, given there has occurred a noticeable increase in the body of knowledge about the harmful effects of the pathogenic micro-organisms for humans over the decades. Even though, to the extent that the review of the historic cases is beneficial for understanding the current trends and capabilities of the non-state actors, one historic cases of the biological attack carried out by the non-state actors successively in 1984 is discussed in this paper. Using the pathogenic micro-organisms as a destructive tool exposes both the society and the non-state actors to various kinds of challenges. This paper an alyzes the extent to which the non-state actors involved in the biological attacks are a threat to the society. The most popular biological attack in the history of the USA was made in 1984 by a religious cult Rajneeshees that stole an Oregon-based country election. The Rajneeshees lived in the rural Wasco County and had become politically strong in Antelope, a small town whose name was thus changed to Rajneesh.

Culture diversity Essay Example for Free

Culture diversity Essay Increasingly today, people come into regular contact with individuals from different cultures and its important to learn to talk with people who may not share a common language, background, and/or worldview. Each of us participates in at least one culture, and most of us are products of several cultures Being aware of our own culture and background is really important as it helps us understand how we are shaped by what we have experienced. Even within cultures, we all have different attitudes and beliefs based on our experiences and this will impact on the way we relate to people both professionally and in our personal life. Learning to value diversity, to become conscious of our ways of relating to each other and their ways of relating to us, does not come easily to most of us nor is it something that can be imposed from the outside. In Valuing Relationship (1995), Lewis Brown Griggs sums the interrelationship of knowing ourselves and building relationship with others as follows: Knowing myself is what allows me to know, understand, and value the diversity of others so that I can build trust with them. With more trust comes the ability to communicate more clearly, to problem solve and network more effectively, and to realize the value of synergistic relationships and productive interdependency. Together, investing in my relationship with myself and enhancing my relationship with others are important insurance policies against lost opportunities. (page 210) Griggs, L. B. (1995). Valuing Relationship: The Heart of Valuing Diversity. In L. B. Griggs L. L. Louw (Eds.), Valuing Diversity: New Tools for a New Reality. McGraw Hill, Inc: New York.

Euthanasia is the Best Option :: Euthanasia Physician Assisted Suicide

Euthanasia is the Best Option    Euthanasia is a very controversial topic. People argue as to whether or not a person who is terminally ill, or handicap, should have the right to die by euthanasia.   People say that dying by euthanasia is to die with dignity,  instead of living an artificial life on respirators and other life support machines. If a person is terminally ill, and there is nothing anyone can do for them, why should they have to suffer?   Not only do they suffer but their family does also.   They will watch as their condition gets worse, and then the vision in their head of the loved one who has finally died many months after they were diagnose as terminally ill, is a memory of a person lying there helpless, not able to feed themselves, get out of bed, or talk to you.    One notable euthanasia case would be Sue Rodrigous.   She had a disease known as Lou Gehrig's disease or ALS, which is a rare incurable disease of the nervous system. ALS gradually destroys the nerves that control the muscles.   The results of which are weakness, paralysis, and eventually death.   That is what Sue Rodrigous was suffering from for well over a year.   Knowing that her condition was only going to get worse, and eventually, after the pain and suffering, would result in death, Sue wanted to die. She wanted people to remember her as a lively healthy woman, not just a body lying helpless in a hospital bed. With that thought in mind, Sue went to court to fight for right to die by euthanasia. The courts did not agree with her though.    Dr. Jack Kevorkian, proposed the creation of a new medical specialist, the "obitiarist," who would assist terminally ill patients to take their own lives, subject to strict guidelines.    His patient also suffered from Lou Gehrig's disease.   She was in bad shape, struggling to hold her head up, could not talk, and had to communicate using a computer keyboard.   She was deteriorating quickly.   "She was very smart," he said, a note of sadness entering his voice.   Kevorkian built a machine called the "mercitron," a jumble of tubes and bottles that would allow patients with little mobility to inject themselves with a lethal cocktail of drugs.

The Effect of Social Networking

The Effect of Social Networking (Facebook, Twitter, MySpace etc) For Children http://newstodaynews. com/the-effect-of-social-networking-facebook-twitter-myspace-etc-for-children/12286 Not a few teachers who are disappointed to see the students using the â€Å"chat language† as it is commonly used in social networking chat facilities, such as 2mor, msg, lol, and bk, while in English grammar lessons (English grammar).This study clearly indicates that students from various levels, from upper class to lower class, they spend more stout in social media This is a direct indication of their value on average poor and often failed to complete their homework on time. the quality of children’s homework is deteriorate because they hurry to finish. http://networkconference. netstudies. rg/2010/04/a-social-society-the-positive-effects-of-communicating-through-social-networking-sites/ By communicating online, it allows people to see past physical differences and focus on a deeper conn ection, discovering similarities that may have been previously disregarded. By forming groups of people with similar interests (particularly if the interest or hobby is not mainstream), social networking sites can create a sense of unity and belonging in people who might have previously felt alienated in society because of an inability to relate to local people.Many people form support groups through social networking sites to discover and communicate with others who have similar problems or health issues. With online social networking reducing difficulties with limited mobility, time and distance barriers and unacceptance due to stereotyping, people therefore have more access to support and the ability to improve communication with others despite illness or disability.Many educational institutions encourage learning via the Internet and social networking sites because it allows an easy communication channel for students to learn and share skills. Students enjoy educational opportun ities where lesson topics, research, creative ideas, and interactive discussions are at their fingertips Through online social networking, companies are better able to advertise to specific markets or discover, monitor and engage with loyal brand advocates. Conversely, they can also â€Å"discover disgruntled customers and realise their concerns

Descartes’ Dualism

The concept of Dualism or the theory that there is a division between the mind and the body is not a novel one. It originated as early as the time of Plato and Aristotle. Rene Descartes’ concept of Dualism, otherwise known as Cartesian Dualism, is considered one of his greatest contributions in the history of philosophy. He was the first to argue that the mind is a non-material entity which is distinct and separate from the brain. He also identified the mind with concepts such as self-awareness and self-consciousness. It is widely regarded that the sharp division between the mind and the body is the most basic fact of our human existence. This essay will focus on Descartes’ concept of Dualism. The very foundations of his philosophy which led him to the theory of dualism will likewise be tackled. Concepts such as Cogito Ergo Sum will also be discussed since it serves as the foundation for Cartesian dualism. At the concluding part of this paper, I intend to state my position on Descartes’ Dualism Descartes’ Dualism In his work, Meditations, Descartes began his journey by clearing the mind of all the rubbish knowledge that had been handed down from generations to generations. He was aware that the ideas of his contemporaries were all shaped by biases and prejudices. He challenged himself to eliminate these prejudices so that he could arrive at the very foundations of knowledge. He also refused to accept the Aristotelian and Scholastic philosophy which had dominated the traditional philosophical thought throughout the Medieval Period. (â€Å"Rene Descartes†) He thought that if true knowledge is to be attained then we must start from the very foundation of our knowledge. He thus began his philosophy by doubting everything that he could not be certain. Descartes doubted everything around him. He doubted the existence of the physical universe and even his body. He thought that it is very much possible that he could be hallucinating about the existence of this physical world or his physical self. He even doubted his senses, to wit: â€Å"All that I have, up to this moment, accepted as possessed of the highest truth and certainty, I received either from or through the senses. I observed, however, that these sometimes misled us; and it is the part of prudence not to place absolute confidence in that by which we have even once been deceived. † He cautioned us not to trust everything that our senses tell us since they are deceiving. He even argued that there is a thin line that separates the walking state from the dreaming state – meaning, we cannot be actually certain whether as of the moment we are imagining or not. (Bryan Kidd) Descartes argued that on many occasions, he had actually thought that he was awake when in reality he was merely dreaming. It is possible, according to him that our whole life could be a dream. He also questioned the truths of logic and reason since it is possible that he could be deceived by a demon which has the power to make things appear to be logical. Despite all these skepticisms, Descartes argued that there is one thing that he could be certain of and that is he doubted. The mere fact that he was uncertain whether he is dreaming or awake manifests that he is in a state of doubt. If he doubted then this could only mean that he is thinking. Because he is thinking, then he is a thinking being. Thus â€Å"Cogito Ergo Sum† or â€Å"I think therefore I am. † This expression summarizes Descartes philosophy. Unlike his contemporaries who adopted the philosophical attitude of skepticism and began to doubt everything, Descartes believed that in reality it is not possible for us to doubt everything. But it is possible to arrive at true knowledge of certain things. Descartes proceeds to argue that he is sure that he has a mind that exists. Since he has a mind that thinks then it follows that the mind could exist separately from the body. He argues that he is sure that he has a mind but he still is not sure about the existence of his body since it is possible for him to be in a state of delusion still. It is possible for him to doubt that his body exists but it is not possible for him to doubt that his mind exists. He then concludes that he has a mind that is distinct from the body. He then proceeds to make a distinction between the mind and the body. The body is unconscious and is only an extension which takes up room in space while the mind which is conscious and does not take up room. The body is divisible and is subjected to the laws of physical science. The mind, on the other hand, is indivisible and is not subjected to the laws of physical science. We know that the body exists because we can perceive it. On the other hand, we know that the mind exists because of intuition. â€Å"The Argument for Mind/Body Dualism: Descartes†) Despite these differences, however, Descartes is assured after sufficient reflection that the body exists because God gave us sufficient senses of perception and the capacity to distinguish what is real from what is not. In Meditation VI, Descartes states that: â€Å" For there can be no doubt that God possesses the power of producing all the objects I am abl e distinctly to conceive, and I never considered anything impossible to him, unless when I experienced a contradiction in the attempt to conceive it aright. Further, the faculty of imagination which I possess, and of which I am conscious that I make use when I apply myself to the consideration of material things, is sufficient to persuade me of their existence. † The fundamental problem with dualism is how does the mind, which is non material and is not subjected to the laws of nature, interact with the body, which is material and is subjected to the laws of nature. It is a reality that the mind is able to influence and affect the body. The same is true with the body which can affect the mind. Descartes attempted this solve this problem in his letter to Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Palatine, he explained that there is an organ that links the mind from the body which is the pineal gland, a small gland in the center of the brain. With the help of this gland, the mind can control the body by sending signals to the body which enables it to walk, run or sit. Descartes emphasized however that the end goal of man is for reason to get control of the body. Since the body is associated with passions and feelings it is important for the mind to take control so that it will be able to behave rationally and rise above the needs of the body. Comments on Descartes’ Philosophy Descartes’ flirtation with the Mind and Body problem is a thorny issue which is full of complications. This is because scientific evidence itself is against this view. They consider that that the mind and the body are only one thing. From the scientists’ point of view, what Descartes’ called as the activities in the mind which is caused by non-material processes is actually caused by the neurological and chemical reactions in the brain. Nevertheless, I fully argue with his concept of dualism. The mind is not simply a result of the chemical reactions in the brain. Consciousness and self-awareness are concepts that are beyond the capacity of the material body to comprehend. Also, I believe in the immortality of the human soul which is the theory that the soul continues to exist even after it is separated from the body. The dualism of Descartes sufficiently explains why the soul continues to exist after the person dies and why it is not affected by the processes in the body. On Descartes’ theory that it is difficult to determine whether one is awake or sound asleep, I find the same to be very objectionable. I believe that if a person is thinking, perceiving, feeling, drawing inferences and making conclusions then one can be certain that he is awake and that he is not dreaming. According to Descartes, on several occasions, he had actually thought that he was awake when in reality he was merely dreaming. I believe that it is erroneous for one to say that one cannot tell the difference between being in a state of dream and being awake. Indeed it is not possible to state that a person is awake when he is really asleep precisely because when one is reflecting or thinking then he is not asleep. It would not be possible for a person to think when he is sleeping or dreaming. When one feels something then it is not possible for him to be dreaming. Indeed, experiencing the sensations of pain and pleasure are manifestations that one is awake and is not dreaming.

Free Essays on Creating & Living With A Budget

A budget is a way of gaining control of, planning, communicating and fulfilling your dreams. At the very least, a budget should allow you to find extra spending money in your paycheck every month. It can help you see how to use money to pay bills and get more of the things that you need and want. A budget allows you to decide what is important to your family and to make choices before spending your money. The benefits of a budget are that it can help you live within your income, place your needs above your wants, set aside money for large planned expenses, emergencies, and save for the things you want. To create the family budget, you need to review your family goals. If you do not have a list of goals, then you will need to create one. You need to decide what your short-term needs (i.e. down payment for car, insurance, shopping spree) and long-term needs (i.e. retirement, vacation) will be and then prioritize them. The income part is easy take a look at your most recent pay stub and copy your information. Most budgets use your â€Å"disposable† income, which is income after taxes. You will also need to include any other income such as rent, alimony, child support, etc. After you have gathered your family’s goals and income, you need to set up your spending and savings plan. You will need to gather your expenses, such as food, apparel, health care, education, insurance, 401K contributions, rent/mortgage, transportation costs, entertainment, charity and any other miscellaneous expense you incur. Break your expenses down into categories; fixed, flexible, perio dic and emergency. Fixed expenses are expenses that stay about the same. They include such things as house payments, insurance, time payments and charge accounts. You need to document the expense, the date it is due and the amount due. Flexible expenses vary from week to week. These include food, clothing, utilities, gasoline, savings, and medical care. For th... Free Essays on Creating & Living With A Budget Free Essays on Creating & Living With A Budget A budget is a way of gaining control of, planning, communicating and fulfilling your dreams. At the very least, a budget should allow you to find extra spending money in your paycheck every month. It can help you see how to use money to pay bills and get more of the things that you need and want. A budget allows you to decide what is important to your family and to make choices before spending your money. The benefits of a budget are that it can help you live within your income, place your needs above your wants, set aside money for large planned expenses, emergencies, and save for the things you want. To create the family budget, you need to review your family goals. If you do not have a list of goals, then you will need to create one. You need to decide what your short-term needs (i.e. down payment for car, insurance, shopping spree) and long-term needs (i.e. retirement, vacation) will be and then prioritize them. The income part is easy take a look at your most recent pay stub and copy your information. Most budgets use your â€Å"disposable† income, which is income after taxes. You will also need to include any other income such as rent, alimony, child support, etc. After you have gathered your family’s goals and income, you need to set up your spending and savings plan. You will need to gather your expenses, such as food, apparel, health care, education, insurance, 401K contributions, rent/mortgage, transportation costs, entertainment, charity and any other miscellaneous expense you incur. Break your expenses down into categories; fixed, flexible, perio dic and emergency. Fixed expenses are expenses that stay about the same. They include such things as house payments, insurance, time payments and charge accounts. You need to document the expense, the date it is due and the amount due. Flexible expenses vary from week to week. These include food, clothing, utilities, gasoline, savings, and medical care. For th...

COLLEGE PAPER WRITING SERVICE

COLLEGE PAPER WRITING SERVICE A perfect application essay requires many requirements for the applicant to be aware of. On the other hand professional college paper writing service is able to help the clients who are willing to enter the educational establishments like college or universities by writing custom application essays for them. While it may seem to be hard to write a perfect application essay there are several simple rules that should be followed. As the personal statement must be made strong, the entire purpose of this type of writing is to show the personality uniqueness. The personal talents must simply shine and the whole application essay must have profound and well-written structure. The best college application essay format also does imply showing how the person will benefit from the educational process. Your essay must be all about how different you are from another people. Showing your unique goals in life and career will definitely make your application essay stand out. If you require help from professional writer, simply order the essay from us and we will do the best writing job for you.

Peter Josephs Where are we going. Culture lag Essay

Peter Josephs Where are we going. Culture lag - Essay Example The main quest of this movement is to find a new way that leads to transition by promoting a social design, namely, â€Å"Resource Based Economy† (What is The Zeitgeist Movement?). Zeitgeist movement proposes certain observations and identifies that the present world is kept away from the physical world, with techniques and new innovations separated from the environment. Peter Joseph, in his speech makes a right judgment about this movement, their observations about society, government, monetary system, free-market capitalization, and so on. In the first part of his speech Joseph is specifically focusing on â€Å"Culture lag† and â€Å"Pluralistic ignorance,† the two grave issues affecting the modern society. Joseph begins his tremendous speech by describing the transitions occurred to social life during the past centuries. The speaker has identified that history has marked the evolution of human life all through these years. Thus, he identifies the ten thousand years old Neolithic Age, Agricultural Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age which paved the way for gradual development in society. The speaker has presented various study reports in order to prove the immense growth of technological inventions and the amazing growth of the evolution of technology. However, the speaker observes technological development as the primary factor promoting the development of human civilization, belief system, philosophy, friends, references and the like. Anyhow, for the speaker, the society is diffident in fully accepting these technological developments. This reticence is what the speaker calls as â€Å"culture lag.† â€Å"Culture lag† is the phenomenon where culture takes time to catch up with technological inventions, and that social problems and conflicts are caused by this lag (Joseph). To make it clear, one can see that it is the difficulty of any traditional establishment in adjusting with the technological invention. The speaker provides var ious examples in order to prove the culture lag. One of the best examples Joseph presents is the severe punishment and threat the Italian physicist and astronomer Galileo faced when he revealed that the earth is revolving round the sun. It is only after 76 years the world acknowledged his discovery. This can aptly be called as culture lag. Culture lag probably leads to â€Å"pluralistic ignorance† the other issue to which the speaker brings one’s attention. ‘Pluralistic ignorance occurs where the majority of individuals in a group assume that most of their others are different in some way, whilst the truth is that they are more similar than they realize’ (Pluralistic Ignorance). Joseph identifies that the present monetary system is defective as it is aiming only the profit and disregarding human labor or emotions. One should note the fact that money is not a natural resource, it is a convention. The Zeitgeists moves away from the general way of thinking an d proposes their own perspectives. This is quite evident when Joseph describing his discovery that problems and scarcity are promoting profit other than the economic principles, demand and supply. The speaker also recognizes the real intension of wars as hoarding money and there is no war for homelessness. Abundance, sustainability and efficiency are the enemies of profit. Free-market capitalism is the economic religion of today, Joseph adds. The pluralistic ignorance can also be explained in terms of ethics and competition, criminal behavior, government and democracy, activism and ethics, and so on. Thus, one can see that Peter Joseph’s speech, â€Å"Where are we going?† clearly exposes certain issues with regard to culture lag and pluralistic ignora

A new technology that is revolutionizing the healthcare with examples Essay

A new technology that is revolutionizing the healthcare with examples from journals or magazines - Essay Example Recently, hospitals around the world have escalated the use of 3-D printer technology in medical activities ranging from 3-D printing of an entire skull to rehearsing extremely complex surgeries. With the aid of 3-D printing technology, a group of researchers in US and China has printed various models of tumors which are cancerous to assist in the discovery of anti-cancer drugs. 3-D printing technology has also helped doctors in the understanding of how tumors grow, spread and more importantly, what make the tumors to develop (Ventola, 2014). With 3-D printing, cell analysis is considerably easy. Cell analysis is done by fabricating cells. Cell fabrication involves protecting cells with hydrogel for analysis. Essentially, when cells are in the body, they are never two-dimensional. As a result, they lose a lot of functionalities when they are placed on a flat dish for analysis. To protect cells from losing their functionality, they are put in hydrogel and then the structures of the cell are printed using 3-D technology. With these structures, analysis of cells is considerable accessible which make it easy to diagnose complicated ailments (Ventola, 2014). In conclusion, with this technology, quality health care can be guaranteed. Many medical institutions and governmental agencies today have fully understood the benefits that are derived from the use of this technology. This paper has discussed 3-D printing as the new technology that is revolutionizing health

Legal Brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Brief - Essay Example During July 1974, FBI officers arrested the offender and charged him for the crime of abduction. In trial court, evidence given by the boy’s friend indicated the complicity of the defendant in the crime and he was convicted. The aggrieved defendant appealed, claiming that the boy’s testimony was based on here say and thus not admissible in criminal proceedings as conclusive evidence, before the US court of appeal. The basic concern in this case is whether the doctrine of the Hillmon can be applied in circumstances where the defendant has affirmed his intention to do something with any of another person and whether or not he did so? Doctrine of Hillmon which is an Evidence Code of California states that the doctrine is codified in Section 1250(2) which permits the use of such hearsay proof when it is offered to explain or prove the conduct or act of the defendant. The comment to Section 1250(2) of the states that a statement of the defendants’ aim to do certain acts is admissible to confirm that he did alleged act. Justice Ely (†J. Ely†) concurred in the decision, but wrote giving emphasis to his disagreement to the Hillmon doctrine, suggesting that â€Å"evidence of one person’s intention to do something should not be admissible to prove what another person actually did do† (Bloomberg Law, pg.2). In this case, the statements made by the friend of Larry demonstrate that Larry planned to meet Angelo in the parking lot, â€Å"and the issue is whether he, in fact, met Angelo in the parking lot. The opposite inference is that Angelo met Larry in the parking lot, so it requires an inferential step for two people† (Bloomberg Law, pg.2). Larry’s state of mind was to demonstrate that somebody else actually did something. The appellant, Insico, was before the court of Appeals of US, looking for reversal of the judgment, which convicted the appellant based on the confirmation that

Summarization Of The Communication Process

Summarization Of The Communication Process Communication can best be summarized as the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The message may be verbal or non-verbal. Besides that, communication is the process of sharing our ideas, thoughts, and feelings with other people and having those ideas, thoughts, and feelings understood by the people we are talking with. When we communicate we speak , listen, and observe. A key to interpreting communication is to find the meanings of messages, and those meanings are found in people, not in words. Your friends meaning of trust or happiness may be quite different than yours. Communication is a continuous process that begins with a first encounter between people and does not end until the last encounter in their lives. These encounters may involve functional messages that serve practical purposes, or, in cases of close ties, the encounters may also involve nurturing messages that convey a sense of caring and personal connection. In addition, c ommunication is a complex, ongoing process that brings us into contact with the people in our world. Often communication is viewed as a straightforward exchange of messages between a speaker and a listener, but this is a na?ve view. Communication also is a dynamic, transactional (two-way) process that can be broken into six phases. The communication process is repeated until both parties have finished expressing themselves. This has shown in appendix in figure 1.1. 1 The sender has an idea. Senders conceive an idea and want to share it. The sender encodes the idea. When sender put an idea into a message that a receiver will understand, sender are encoding it: that is, deciding on the form, length, organization, tone, and styleall of which depend on sender idea, audience, and personal style or mood. The sender transmits the message. To physically transmit the message to receiver, senders select a communication channel (verbal or nonverbal, spoken or written) and a medium (telephone, letter, memo, e-mail, report, face-to-face). The receiver gets the message. For communication to occur, receiver must first get the message. The receiver decodes the message. Receiver must decode (absorb and understand) your message. The receiver sends feedback. After decoding sender message, the receiver responds and signals that response to sender. 2 Sender can anticipate problems, make decisions, coordinate work flow, supervise others, develop relationships, and promote products and services. Sender can shape the impressions and he/she company make on colleagues, employees, supervisors, investors, and customers in addition to perceiving and responding to the needs of these stakeholders (the various groups you interact with). Without effective communication, people misunderstand each other and misinterpret information. Ideas misfire or fail to gain attention, and people and companies flounder. Effective workplace communication can promote the following: ? Quicker problem solving ? Stronger decision making ? Increased productivity ? Steadier work flows ? Stronger business relationships ? Compelling promotional materials ? Enhanced professional image ? Improved stakeholder response 3 The importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business communication is critical to the successful operation of modern enterprise. Every business person needs to understand the fundamentals of effective communication. Effective communication involves a message being sent and received. Added to this however, is the element of feedback to ensure that the message sent was received exactly as intended. This concept may be illustrated using three-step communication model. This has shown in appendix in figure 1.2 Sending The Message There are four element involved in sending a message. First, as the instructor (sender), must formulate the message intend to communicate. Next, consider possible barriers that may affect the message. This includes sender experience, the terms that will use, and even the feeling toward the subject or the students. External barriers such as noise must also be considered. Third, senders encode the message; that is, put the message into the words that want to use. Last, clearly communicate (send) the message. 4 Receiving The Message There are also four elements involved in receiving a message. The student (receivers) will first hear and see the message u sent. Second, the message is affected by external barriers, if any, and the students own internal barriers. Possible internal barriers may include the students experience level, their understanding of the terms used, their attitude toward the material, or the way they feel about you. Third, your students decode the message through the use of mental images. Communication Barriers Physical barriers This barrier is particularly important when speaking to a group or audience. If the audience perceives you as distant from them, looking down on them, or simply not reachable, then they will not be as receptive to the message you are trying to share Language Barriers Buzzwords, jargon and slang are very specialized. Using them will always prevent some portion of the potential audience from understanding your message. That includes people who might benefit from your message, if it were presented in a way they understood. 5 Lack of Credibility If its evident that sender are speaking strictly from book knowledge, rather than personal experience, or if audience does not see how what sender are saying could possibly be true, this creates a credibility problem. The audience will suspect that sender dont know what he/she talking about. As a sender, need to make sure that the stories has been tell dont lead the audience to question sender credibility and authenticity. Gender Barrier It has been demonstrated in studies that women communicate more on a regular basis than men do. Though both sexes have both kinds of communicators, women are more likely to be right-brain communicators abstract and intuitive. Men are more likely to be left-brain communicators linear and logical. Depending on your own makeup, this could be a barrier. Both men and women have to learn how to communicate in a way that allows both sexes to receive and understand the message. Emotional barriers One of the chief barriers to open and free communications is the emotional barrier. It is comprised mainly of fear, mistrust and suspicion. The roots of our emotional mistrust of others lie in our childhood and infancy when we were taught to be careful what we said to others. 6 Cultural barriers When we join a group and wish to remain in it, sooner or later we need to adopt the behaviour patterns of the group. These are the behaviours that the group accept as signs of belonging. The group rewards such behaviour through acts of recognition, approval and inclusion. In groups which are happy to accept, and where he/she are happy to conform, there is a mutuality of interest and a high level of win-win contact. Where, however, there are barriers to the membership of a group, a high level of game-playing replaces good communication. How does one ensure that the intended audience has received the right message In a speech, one must always present something that is related to the topic or focus of the speech. If talk about food, can speak about other related things like nutrition, malnutrition and benefits of foods but dont go too far away from subject. Since talk with nutrition in relation to food, always try to bring it close to the topic food. Also, make sure make statements that would make people turn their attention to the speaker, just not unnecessary unrelated ones. Skip the middle man If audience actually has another, larger audience, make sure they arent the real target. 7 Speak clearly This should be obvious enough, but clearly the President didnt get it this time. Speaker message needs to be clear Stay Relaxed To stay relaxed speaker should be prepared. Also, focus on the message and not the audience. Use gestures, including walking patterns. Practice the opening of the speech and plan exactly how to say it. The audience will judge speaker in the first 30 seconds they see it. Pay attention to all details Make sure speaker have the right location (school, hotel, room time). Make sure he/she know how to get to where to speaking. Ask how large an audience speaker will be speaking to. Make sure speaker bring all visual aids and plenty of handouts. Arrive early so speaker can check out where will be speaking and make any last minute adjustments. It is very important that speaker pay attention to even the smallest details 8

John Stienbeck - Of Mice And Men :: essays research papers fc

In my essay I will discuss the theme of loneliness in the novel â€Å"Of Mice And Men.† The essay will consist of information based on the novel towards minor characters such as Curley’s Wife, Candy and Crooks. This essay will state information about Curley’s Wife, Candy and Crooks’ loneliness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Curley’s Wife was probably one of the loneliest characters of all. She never talked to anyone and she never really liked Curley all too much. â€Å"Why can’t I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely.† (p.86) Curley’s Wife seems to get a lot of the other guys in trouble. Curley always suspects that she’s fooling around with the other men, â€Å"Any you guys seen my wife?† (p.53) Curley’s Wife always gives an excuse to confront the guys saying, â€Å"Any you guys seen Curley?† Then she tries to hang around and make conversation. The guy’s see her as a tramp and a troublemaker but all she wants is someone to talk too.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Crooks who is another lonely man was very sad as well. Because he was black he wasn’t allowed into the other guys bunkhouse with them because they thought he stunk. â€Å"Why ain’t you wanted?† Lennie asked. â€Å"’Cause I’m black. They play cards in there, but I can’t play because I’m black. They think I stink. Well I tell you, you all stink to me.† (p.68) Crooks is always by himself and working hard even with a broken back. Crooks sits in his room all the time by himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Candy is the other character that is lonely. Not because of the the men not talking to him of anything like that. Because, when Carlson shot his old dog, Candy felt alone. Candy had that pup since he was a kid.

A Visit to the Animal Kingdom in Florida Essay

English Reflective Essay Florida is portrayed as a fantasy land where Mickey Mouse greets you around every corner and where Cinderella actually lives, where days go by without a single drop of rain and the sky is consistently perfectly blue. However this was the farthest thing from my mind as I sat in an immense carbon-emmiting monster whose air conditioning has spluttered and died and while the heavens poured the air was so thick and mucky that flies were sticking to the windshield as we drove, only to be washed away by the drowning rain. As this was happening, my dad who was yet to figure out his left from his right had the near-miracle task of finding our hotel. Which was almost impossible because visibility was limited to about a yard and that requires great concentration, which was hard to find after the fiasco at the airport†¦. Day 2 To my great excitement, â€Å"Animal Kingdom† was our first theme park, rather disappointing though what was hyped up to be a splendour of animal based excitement turned out to be a zoo with the odd thrill. However my memory of the first day was largely marred by Dad; with his new and shiny American muscle car; forgot that when all four doors were shut the lock system was activated. All hell broke lose! With my mum muttering and rambling nonchalantly and quietly with the odd distinguishable, â€Å"God.. men† and my dad, the man of the household and the â€Å"decisive† being, who was spouting all sorts of obscenities and was spanking the car,lightly so no damage was done but gave the impression that somehow it was the cars fault, it was up to me (seeming the only level headed member of the family) to aqcuire the basic survival needs such as food and water. With out park tickets being used for the day there was no way of buying fresh water. Giving up on the task of survival and surrending to the fate of the great over-powering Florida sunshine that was gobbling up every ounce of liquid, I went to a little ledge at the very far side of the car park and with ironic timing the edge of my eye caught sight of a little pool. And just like an oasis in the middle of the Sahara desert the temptation to drink from this minor miracle was extreme. As I squatted and stared while heavily drooling with my mouth arid there was a conflict of conscience apparent in my head. The good side was reciting the well known fact that one of the locals had stated, â€Å"In every pool of water in Florida there is an alligator. † The other â€Å"evil† side accompanied by my sailva and most major organs, was willing to tempt fate yet my good conscience claimed noble victory and I was left to dessicate. And looking back on it, it was probably a wise decision, however the journey back to the apartment was like a front row seat between Mohammed Ali and Mike Tyson.

Patient Advocacy Analysis Essay

Introduction A patient advocate may be present for healthcare appointments and alert the healthcare provider about patient compliance issues. He or she may separately assist the healthcare provider and support staff with potential issues and communication challenges. The patient advocate is also responsible for maintaining communication with the patient and healthcare provider to ensure that patients understand the procedures. By reducing fear and increasing patient compliance, this can result in higher successful treatments. Generally, a patient advocacy contract that includes a release of medical information must be placed with each healthcare facility (Ad Hoc Committee on Advocacy, 1969). Some institutions may require a power of attorney for healthcare for a patient advocate to exchange confidential information. The patient advocate may provide medical literature and research services to the patient, family, or healthcare provider. The patient advocate may also assist with family communication on issues arising from illnesses and injuries . This may include further referral for care and support for both patients and families. The patient advocate has a responsibility for awareness of compliance, appropriateness, and coordination of care for the patient, such as oversight for potentially conflicting treatment modalities and medications. The patient advocate can ensure that questions about the appropriateness of treatment are promptly discussed with the patient’s care provider, and that all treatments and concerns are promptly entered into the patient’s healthcare record. The patient advocate is also responsible for reviewing the patient’s healthcare record for correctness and for explaining it to the patient. Another responsibility of the patient advocate is to create and maintain an electronic log for the patient that is available on disk to healthcare providers i This log may be of great benefit in subsequent urgent situations. The patient advocate can also assist in resolving disputes between patients and their healthcare provider, as well as engaging in communications on behalf of the patient in case of employment issues by approaching the employer to achieve a mutually beneficial solution for the employer and the individual employee. Where applicable compliance standards are not met, the patient advocate may conduct liaison with corporate oversight, government agencies, or legal professionals to further negotiate such issues on behalf of the patient and family. It is the duty of a patient advocate to maintain patient privacy according to local and national laws, treating all patient and family information as privileged and protected. This includes ensuring that healthcare providers’ communications are treated as highly confidential and privileged, whether or not those communications are specific to the patient, and that permissions to disclose information are negotiated carefully. It is also the duty of the patient advocate to follow any referrals for medical, financial, legal, administrative or other personnel to assure that the patient is always kept safe and well informed, never abandoned or misled during the process (Carlton, 1984) SWOT Analysis When developing a SWOT analysis for the Patient Advocate Organization, three primary purposes emerged: 1. Inspire continued trust and confidence in the nursing profession among patients, their families, and the American people; 2. Leverage nurses, the single largest health care workforce, together with patients, partners in their care, in accelerating performance improvement; and 3. Stimulate reform through shared perspectives, knowledge, and values among nurses and patients, their families, and consumer stakeholders. A SWOT analysis focuses on internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats. In this instance, these concepts have been applied to a proposed alliance that serves these three proposed purposes. Typically, SWOT analyses are presented in tabular formats and entries are listed in one of four quadrants in the table (i.e., strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats). The SWOT analysis is presented in Table 1. Strengths Purpose 1. Inspire continued trust and confidence. a. Existing nurse workforce is the largest segment of the healthcare workforce b. Living up to nursing’s promise to represent the patient voice c. Expanding consumer recognized success (e.g., number of hospitals, evidence-based link to quality/safety). d. Expanding and maturing evidence-based that establishes nursing-quality-value linkages. e. Operating consumer advocacy groups is a well-known skill for several of the major groups with which we could partner f. Convener organizations have a proven track record in working together (e.g., areas of education, competency development, leadership) Purpose 2. Accelerate performance improvement a. Expanding and maturing evidence-based that establishes nursing-quality-value linkages b. Partnering to expand and accelerate current and future measurement sets (examples follow): b.1. Experience with, and advancement of, measure development and data collection (i.e. NDNQI, AWHONN EDGETM Database, etc) b. 2. Existing national, regional, and state nursing performance measures databases (e.g., NDNQI, CalNOC, Maine and Massachusetts) b.3 Existing national quality measurement and reporting infrastructure (e.g., Compare websites) Purpose 3. Stimulate reform a. Existing nurse leaders with strong organizational skills and credible backgrounds b. Threats by existing nursing and nurse faculty shortages are widely recognized by policy makers and health care stakeholders. c. Patients and nurses, each individually,†¨make strong advocates; together, their combined effectiveness will likely be transformative d. Reviewing the evidence suggests that nurses make effective policy advocates Weaknesses Purpose 1. Inspire continued trust and confidence. a. Existing, numerous professional nursing organizations and specialty groups result in fragmentation and diffusion of the expertise and resources among nursing as a whole. May be confusing/distracting to consumer groups who join an alliance b. Creating a new â€Å"fancy† alliance may not change nursing’s image from that of a profession that â€Å"takes orders.† We may remain unable to gain access to high levels of policy making and policy makers c. Funding source for sustained support is unknown d. Participation would be voluntary (e.g., What incentive†¨would organizations have to provide technical time and support for NPQA?) Purpose 2. Accelerate performance improvement a. Representation of VANOD, CalNOC, MilNOD is lacking in the convener group gathering under the planning grant b. Lacking sufficient nursing-sensitive outcome measures and resulting data to address all patients in all settings across an episode of care limits how comprehensively nursing care quality can be portrayed and might limit partnerships with certain consumer groups c. Developing standard language may be necessary prior to creating additional standard measures (e.g., birth date or date of birth) d. Adding/changing billing codes (e.g., G-codes, E-codes) to document nursing care is not in the realm of influence for nurses or consumers but together we may have more success. Purpose 3. Stimulate reform a. Nursing is not typically a ‘target’ of federal policies because of employee-employer relationship (rather than direct contractors with payers for services) b. Existing consumer and nursing organizations approach policy makers with multiple requests: lack of unity c. Nursing inclusion within existing alliances may be viewed as duplicative Opportunities Purpose 1. Inspire continued trust and confidence a. Build upon nursing social capital with consumers as the most trusted among health care professions b. Identify (empirically, anecdotally) and enhance the value-added of nursing with consumer participation and support c. Improve consumer understanding about the quality of nursing care d. Improve nursing’s knowledge of consumers’ experience of professional nursing Purpose 2. Accelerate performance improvement a. Continue quid pro quo to various alliances (i.e. HQA, KCA, QASC) providing entry into these policy discussions b. Dedicates significant, shared resources to improving quality, safety and value c. NPQA could serve as a neutral reporting entity to achieve economies of scale and scope by moving performance measurement reporting from various nursing organizations to a central source. d. NPQA sets agenda for measure adoption and collection Purpose 3. Stimulate reform a. Disseminate practice-based questions/issues to policy makers and thought leaders to guide funding of research or studies b. Recognize evidence that suggests that nurses, APRNs and consumer groups have opportunities to strengthen their policy voice c. Vision for proactive, toward thinking policy agenda that can push (e.g. What so we want decision makers know about nursing performance?), pull(e.g. What do decision makers already know about nursing performance ?) and/or Partner (e.g. What do decision makers want/need to know about nursing performance ?) Threats Purpose 1. Inspire continued trust and confidence a. Consumer partners may overwhelm nursing. Nursing may be subordinate to consumer leadership. b. Potential to be barraged or criticized by special†¨patient advocacy groups and specialty nursing groups who are not included in membership c. Partnership adds complexity to operational aspects of an alliance such as leadership, governance, membership dues, etc Purpose 2. Accelerate performance improvement a. Current national practice specialty organizations (AORN, AANA, ONS, AWOHNN, AACN, ACNM) have limited resources and will have to decide where to invest (e.g., choices will need to be made that could result in weakening NPQA) b. Data may portray low quality nursing performance with subsequent unintended consequences for nursing c. Established boards of both large nursing organizations and consumer organizations may refuse to support or may change support as leadership and resources fluctuate d. Alliances with whom nursing has a quid pro quo relationships have not universally welcomed nursing participation and have rationed our involvement (e.g., don’t recognize different nursing groups) e. Consumer group(s) may not recognize a need to measure nurse performance in the same manner in which nurses do. Conflict may result (e.g. consumers may think, â€Å"Did the nurse carry out the order?†) Purpose 3. Stimulate reform a. Absence and inattention to nursing issues/strengths in health care reform proposals b. Presence of a strong medical lobby and physician advocacy groups linked with consumers c. Established alliance landscape and inconsistent/ ‘unwelcoming’ nature among existing alliances to nursing d. Lack of awareness by policymakers of the necessity to engage nursing to realize dramatic and sustainable improvements in quality and safety Customer analysis Before implementing this process in South Florida, it is necessary to conduct the market research to check whether this process has market relevance to this area. In other words, it is important to find out whether customers want to use patient advocacy and then analyze if it is available for implementing it in this area via the drives of value. Basically, there are three interdependent drivers of value, including population health, patient experience and total cost per capital, to promote the development of patient advocacy. The data published by U.S. census government shows that the population in Florida is experiencing a huge change during recently year, no matter the change is characteristic by age or race. First, as illustrated in Figure 2, we can see that from 1960 to 2040, the actual and projected census population will rapidly grow from around 50,000 to over 25,000,000 in Florida. There are two main factors causing this phenomenon. On the one hand, there are the baby boomers. This accounts for the natural population increase. While births exceeded deaths during each of the two decades, less than half a million persons were added to Florida’s population each decade due to the natural increase. On average, 118 more Floridians were born than died each day during the decade of the nineties (Census Report, 2000). On the other hand, individuals’ life expectancy is rapidly extended. As populations of modern societies have begun to age, the older age cohorts have become disproportionately represented. Figure 3 show that the age group over 65 and up holds the largest percentage during 2010 to 2030. For example, in the area of Southeast Florida, its population of 6.2 million, is larger than 34 of the 50 states in 2008. About one in every three (31.2%) South Florida resident was born in the state of Florida. Meantime, in South Florida, the elderly are projected to reach almost one million (20.7% of the total) in 2030, up from 14.4% in 2010 (Ogburn, 2010). Compared to the Treasure Coast, the change is becoming more obviously as it is shown in Figure 4. The data described above figures out that even though the population growth slowed down in recent days, South Florida continue s to grow at a speed that is faster than the nation as a whole, with higher rates in the northern region. Apparently, the change population characteristic provides a huge market for the patient advocacy. A demographic trend often overlooked in discussions of healthcare is the changing structure of American families and households. There has been a decline in the proportion of the population that is married and a proportionate increase in the size of the single, divorced, and widowed population. The average household size has declined, and there has been a large increase in the proportion of the population that lives alone. Therefore, more and more households are involved in the health industry to some extent. This means that Floridians’ expectations for acquiring healthcare knowledge and learning about diseases is increasing. This will help them know how to make decisions when they face the healthcare problem and know whether the plan recommended by physicians and nurses are available to them. Secondly, as illustrated in Figure 5, it can be shown that the race/ethnic composition o f Southeast Florida was made up of 37% Hispanic or Latino. In 2000, the non-Hispanic White population represented 47% of the regional total, down from 57% in 1990. In other words, the non-Hispanic White population of Southeast Florida ceased to be the majority sometime in the 1990s, due mostly to the growth of the Hispanic population in Miami-Dade Country (Ogburn, 2010). Hence, it is very important to take the Spanish language into account when patient advocacy is established. Thirty-three percent of the South Florida population is over age 65, so for those elderly who do not know how to speak English, patient advocacy could help them understand what the medical staff tell them about their diseases or how to take those pills. It also helps to reduce the potential abuse error when patient advocacy staffs teach those patients via their own language. Thirdly, as acute illness has declined as the pervasive type of disorder, chronic conditions have emerged as the dominant type of health problem in developed countries. Chronic conditions generally do not contribute directly to mortality, but are often cited as underlying causes of death. They are more likely to interfere with the quality of life, since they often result in some form of disability. Chronic diseases always result in more cost and more time for recovery. Some maybe even cannot be treated. Thus, patients find themselves confused about the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment. Patient advocacy members listen to confused patients and help them collaborate with physicians and insurance companies. Patient advocacy will offer medical assistance, insurance assistance, home health assistance, elder and geriatric assistance and legal assistance. Those types of assistance will help patients with chronic illnesses to understand their healthcare conditions in detail. The Four Ps The four marketing Ps (product, price, place and promotion) are important in developing the entire marketing process for every company or organization. In other words, the heart of a marketing strategy is the development of a response to the marketplace. For every business, all they need to do first is to identify the customers’ needs, and then determine the price customers are willing to pay. Then, they need to identify what place is most convenient for customers to purchase the product or access the service and, finally, they need to promote the product to customers to let them know it is available (Berkowitz, 2011). Hence, when conducting the Four Ps analysis, there are some questions we need to figure out. Those questions are shown on Figure 6.1 (â€Å"4Ps Marketing,† n.d.): Product The important thing to remember when offering the service of patient advocacy to customers is that they have a choice. For example, for health care providers, they can rely on the customer service center in their own organization to deal with patients’ complains; for patients, they might turn to their doctors or friends who have those treatment experience for help when they need. Therefore, patient advocacy organizations should considerable emphasis on developing a list of help service which customers really want. For example, in South Florida, as we also mentioned earlier in this paper, a large proportion of people speak Spanish as their first language, so Spanish speaking can become a selling point and add into the service list in this area; especially in a situation of establishing commutation between a Hispanic or Latino patient and an English-speaking physician. What is more, for those existing services, the organization should also pay attention to the product life cycle as well. For example, with the implementation of Obama Care, the American healthcare system has become a complex system, and it has become increasingly difficult for patients to understand and adapt, so patients’ fears and frustrations have continued to grow since they may get confused by the new policies and become worried about how to get their reimbursements after the treatment. In other words, customers’ requirements change over time. What is important and useful today may be discarded tomorrow. Therefore, marketing should continuously monitor the external environment and other factors to modify the services in order to meet the customer’s need. Price Price focuses on what customers are willing to pay for a service (Berkowitz, 2011). And the customer’s perception of value is an important determinant of the price charged. Customers draw their own mental picture of what a service is worth. So the pricing decision is a major aspect of marketing strategy. In the healthcare industry, the issue of price is less likely to be a concern since pricing was based on predetermined reimbursement formulas. However, in order to sustain and develop and organization, whether public, non-profit organization, private, or for-profit, patient advocacy organizations still need to pay attention on how they establish the price. 1. The Types of Services and Complexity of Service. As customers’ needs are varied, there are perhaps dozens of services health advocates can provide, ranging from explaining treatment options to reviewing hospital bills, from uncovering clinical trials appropriate to customer’s need, to getting their insurance company to pay a claim they think should be covered. Each service should cost differently according to the time it takes to accomplish it. 2. The Background and Expertise of the Employee Just as would be true in any service business, the more credentials an advocate has achieved, the more it will cost. Further, some advocates have developed specific niches to their work that becomes a benefit to customers, who may be worth a higher salary. So obviously, a higher price should be made for these employees in order to sustain the organization. 3. Geographic Location. Just as there are variations in cost for almost anything we buy based on where we live, the same is true for health advocacy services. As shown in Figure A7 (â€Å"Miami Household,† 2011), in Florida, take Miami as an example, households with income under 15,000 reached 25% in 2010, which was twice as many household of the entire United States. Considering the low-income rate in this area, the price should not be too high when providing services. However, the danger of using low price as a marketing tool is that the customer may feel that quality is being compromised. It is important when deciding on price to be fully aware of the brand and its integrity. A further consequence of price reduction is that competitors match prices resulting in no extra demand. This means the profit margin has been reduced without increasing sales. Place All businesses must decide how many other organizations are needed to distribute their product or service, so does the patient advocacy organization (Berkowitz, 2011). In fact, the purpose of getting any intermediary organizations involved is to provide service to customers in a more accessible way. Therefore, not only big general hospital, but also small primary care clinic should be considered when providing services. Besides, â€Å"place’ in the marketing mix, is not just about the physical location or distribution points for services. Especially in the healthcare industry, it encompasses the management of a range of processes involved in bringing patient advocacy to the end consumer. Promotions Promotion is more than just advertising (O’Malley, 2001). The promotions aspect of the marketing mix covers all types of marketing communications such as advertising, personal selling, publicity, and sales promotion. However, advertising is an important part of promotion. Generally, advertising is conducted on TV, radio, cinema, online, poster sites and via the printed press (e.g., newspapers, magazines). Different advertising channels can be used to maximize the effectiveness of advertising. For example, TV advertising makes people aware of a help service and press advertising provides more detail. This may be supported by in clinic or hospital recommendation to get people to try the service. It is imperative that the messages communicated support each other and do not confuse customers. A thorough understanding of what the brand represents is the key to a consistent message. The purpose of most marketing communications is to move the target audience to some type of action. This may include purchasing the service, visiting or calling the organization, and recommending the choice to a friend or purchasing another service that he or she may also need. The key objectives of advertising are to make people aware of the service offered by the organization, which they cannot get from anywhere else, and to feel positive about it and remember it. Therefore, when promoting, messages should gain the customers’ attention and keep their interest. The next stage is to get them to want what is offered. Showing the benefits that they will obtain by taking action is usually sufficient. The right messages must be targeted at the right audience, using the right media. Take South Florida as an example, 33% of the population in this area is over age 65, so it is important to find an advertising channel to reaches this group of people. In this case, Internet advertising may not be such a good idea while newspaper and television may bring more customers to the organiza tion instead. Conclusion After analyzing the market in South Florida, we can easily reach the conclusion that there are great needs to have patient advocacy in South Florida. In fact, patient advocacy is an emerging practice, and it deserves more recognition when developing healthcare business. Whether you are in private practice, serve as a hospital patient advocate or are developing an advocacy program in a managed care company, having a clear marketing plan of patient advocacy in your business region is a key factor to successfully grow your practice in the future. References Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Healthcare costs and financing. Research Activities. 2011. Accessed at heep://www.ahrq.gov/research/jun11/0611RA11.htm. Ad Hoc Committee on Advocacy. (1969). The social worker as advocate: Champion of social victims. Social Work, April, 16–20. Berkowitz, E. N. (2011). Essentials of Health Care Marketing. 3rd Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. Carlton, T. O. (1984). Clinical social work in health settings. New York: Springer Publishing Company. Florida Population: Census Summary 1990 and 2000. Make a difference as a patient advocate. 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