Jane Eyre :: essays papers

Jane EyreJane and Rochester Belong TogetherThe overriding theme of Jane Eyre is Janes continual quest for love. Jane searches for love and acceptance throughout the book. The intelligent, honest, plain-featured girl is forced to contend with oppression, inequality, and hardship. Janes meets with a series of individuals who threaten her autonomy, but she maintains her principles of justice, human dignity, and morality, as head as her values of intellectual and emotional fulfillment. As a governess though, she is subject to economic and grammatical gender enslavement. Maturation and self-recognition become evident to the reader as Janes journey pursues. However, it is not until Jane spends time at Moor House that her maturation is complete. Jane and Rochester, without a doubt, belong together. Jane postulate altogether to discover this for herself. St. John emerges as the crucial character that helps Jane realize her destiny to be with Rochester. When Jane returns to Rochester, sh e is an independent woman, fully aware of her desire to love, as well as be loved. From their first meeting in Hay Lane, where Jane bewitches Rochesters horse, there is, between Jane and Rochester, an unspoken bond that slowly blossoms into true love and devotion. After what appears to be a brief engagement to the honorable Miss Blanche Ingram, whom everyone expects to marry Rochester, he mysteriously calls off the marriage plans and proposes to Jane. In his proposal to Jane, he bares his soul to her, allowing her to look, not into his eyes, but into his soul, where he reveals not the worldly exterior and miseries with which life has saddled him, but the true, pure being beneath. Rochester believes Jane to be his best earthly companion and the only woman who is his equal. Rochesters declaration of love and marriage proposal makes Jane exceedingly happy. Their relationship is alive with passion and the fiery union of two tormented souls imprisoned by Fate and the morals of the ir time. However, Jane worries about her financial inferiority. Jane hates the thought of marrying above her station, as she does not want to feel that she somehow owes Rochester something. Her feelings and desires for Rochester are tightly jump-start with her feelings about her social position as well as her position as a woman. Jane tries to swallow her insecurities and continue with the plan to marry, but on their unify day, Jane discovers Rochester is already married to a mad woman.

We Must Create More Gardens for the Blind :: Architecture Design Essays

We Must Create More Gardens for the BlindWhat would it be like to get in a arena of blindness? Those who are assailable of gossiping would probably shudder at the thought of permanently living in this put forward of dark and seemingly cloistered existence. Yet, oneness should not fail to realize that, despite their inability to see, the blind do, in fact, dwell in a world filled with a vast array of acute sensations which fully compensate for their lack of visionary capabilities.If anyone is interested in entering, at least temporarily, into the realm of sightlessness, then(prenominal) he should visit the restaurant, Dans le Noir in France. At this unique establishment, one is granted the privilege of enjoying an entire meal served by blind waiters in gob darkness. The dark environment robs customers of their ability to see and as is so fluently stated on the Dans le Noir website, grants them the opportunity to completely re-evaluate the notion of taste and odour through our gastronomic and pedagogical process? (http//www.danslenoir.fr).It might seem strange at first to think of eating without being able to see what one is consuming but this truly might be the best way to dine. After all, the enjoyment of food is mainly centered on ones sense of taste. Yet, when a person is capable of seeing his meal, his attention is undoubtedly averted somewhat from its taste, because instead of focusing on the meal?s flavor, the person?s mind is partially consumed with absorbing the various visionary aspects of both the food as well as the surroundings. By eliminating this distraction, Dans le Noir, most likely, enhances the flavor of their food.If the customer is not capable of seeing what he is about to eat, it is plausible that he might be more willing to try impertinent dishes. How many times has one perceive a child proclaim his aversion to a new type of food before he has even tried it? By observing the new and unusual appearance of a dish, children often im mediately assume that the meal will as distasteful to their taste buds as it is to their eyes. The truth is, though, that if they could not see the food, they would probably eat it and maybe even enjoy it. The same principle should apply to adults. Thus, it would probably be best for someone to be introduced to roasted octopus, dog, or elephant in a setting similar to that of Dans le Noir.

Short Story :: Free Essays

Short Story Joe stepped out of the revolving doors. His sigh could easily be identified as one of relief. The bluish London rain could be seen disturbing the stove of the multitude on the other side of the road. Peoples breath could be seen in the cold air. Many people were hurrying dismantle the street armed with umbrellas like they were defending against the invading rain. Joe put up his umbrella and joined the rest of London rushing down the streets. One guy could be seen blendning down the road cradling what looked like his only belongings in his arms. He was soaked to the skin with the rain his carcass visible through his wet shirt. He walked directly into Joe and his papers all fell to the floor. He immediately buckled to one knee to retrieve them. He looked up at Joe and stared at him for while with a look of recognition. He stared for a few extra seconds, then picked up his papers and began running again, leaving with so much as an apology . Joe continued walking down the street and for sum unknown reason he was unable to set his mind free of the image of the man that collided with him. Joe called in the newsagent and the lady behind the counter handed him his cigarettes, to which he placed the exact change on the counter, without a word interchange between the two. He finally arrived at his block of flats he walked up the four flights of stairs the walked to his room, 403. Rather than take a key out of his sackful Joe reached above the doorway and grabbed the key from there, he placed it into the lock, opened the door and returned the key to its home. He then switched the light on. The room was plain, simple and more than anything run down. There were only enough utilities for a persons basic needs. The walls were undecorated and damp marks were visible, there were three certificates on the wall, apart from that, they were

Internet Resource Comparison :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Internet Resource ComparisonThe Internet contains a limitless amount of information. However, the information must be accessible, organized, and approachable to be of value. A series of questions were used to compare and exam these merits in four related web sites, the Institute of Management Accountants , Beta Alpha pounds per square inch , the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants , and the National Business Education Association . Question 1 Are student benefits of rank easily identify?The Institute of Management Accountants (IMA), American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), and the National Business Education Association (NBEA) provided pathways to well defined benefits and services. Offerings were fundamentally shared by all three organizations and included wisdoms, access to job banks and information resources, special insurance, credit, publication offers and support for political concerns. An IMA article best summed up other benefits. learner member, Anissa Eggen, suggested less tangible advantages of membership. In search of guidance, I found much more. Beta Alpha Psi was the exception. The mission statement presented some idea of membership benefits, providing interaction among students, faculty, and professionals, and fosters lifelong growth, service and ethical conduct. Job opportunities and scholarships were in any case linked within the site, moreover a clearly defined list of benefits was either hit or beyond simple access. Question 2 Is the information current?All sites were maintained remarkably well and provided current information. Examples included IMAs Special Events Board, which ranged from scholarship deadlines in February to the annual conference in June, NBEA provided access to current Business Education Standards, BAP listed recent summary reports from their National Office, and the AICPA site contained reports updated every weekday. Question 3 Is the information helpful?Helpful insights, down loads, and links provided an abundance of useful information. IMAs offerings included a wide range of online accessible information that ranged from interviewing tips to passing certification exams.AICPA was also successful in providing useful information. Its strength was in providing information relating to career paths and opportunities. Although some of the information was broad in scope, most of the information was targeted for CPAs.BAP was limited in the amount of information available to non-members. Nearly all the information was specifically related to the organization.NBEA was useful in pointing out available resources for educators such as books and conferences but didnt possess much information beyond that used to describe the organization and its functions.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

     Affirmative action is an attempt by the unify States to amend a long history of racial and sexual discrimination. But these days it seems to incite, not ease, the nations internal divisions. Opponents of affirmative action say that the battle for equal rights is over, and that requiring quotas that favor one group over another(prenominal) is un-American. The people that defend it say that the playing field is not level, and that providing advantages for minorities and women is fair considering the discrimination those groups tolerated for years. This paper will discuss the history of affirmative action, how it is implemented in society today, and evaluate the arguments that it presents.History of Affirmative achieve               Affirmative action was reall(a)y implemented at the height of the civil rights movement in the United States. Its goal was to en original that employers, colleges and univ ersities needed to factor race and gender when selecting employees and students. Under affirmative action there would be an active effort to make sure that the workplace and the university included people of all races and both sexes.(Hanmer 8). Prior to this in the United States, opportunity did not exist for all. Many people were denied professional and educational opportunities simply because of their race.      Affirmative action was to change the way employers hired. They needed to consider all job applications regardless of race or sex, and to give all applicants a fair chance at a job. No application would be turned away simply on the basis of sex or whittle color. Not only would this help our society culturally, but also economically because of a broader participation in the work force.      Although affirmative action did include all minorities, it may have never become government policy if it were not for the civil rights movement th at began 1950s. The Civil War had ended slavery nearly a century before, but still many African Americans had never been granted full equality. Many states, particularly the South, passed laws that were designed to segregate the white and black races and to pull through African Americans in an inferior position in society. (Hamner 21). These laws were called Jim Crow laws. Examples of some o... ...re essential in this country. In America white men once strike off themselves apart and claimed privileges for themselves while denying them to others. Now, on the basis of race and gender, women and minorities are given a special status and receiving some of those privileges that they were before denied.       Works Cited Hanmer, Trudy J., Affirmative Action Opportunity For All?. New Jersey      Enslow,1993. Bergmann, Barbara R., In Defense of Affirmative Action. New York BasicBooks,      1996. Jencks, Christopher, et al " http//epn.org/prospect/40/40jencnf.html"      The American      Prospect 40 (September-October 1998) 44-53.Goldman, Alan H., justness and Reverse Discrimination. New Jersey Princeton      University Press, 1979. Rowan, Carl T., The Coming Race War In America. Toronto Little, Brown and      Company, 1996.Sowell, Thomas. ""http//www.bomis.com/cgi-bin/ring.cgi?page=10&ring=sowell","      Issues and Views, Spring 1996

Japanese Yen :: Essays Papers

lacquerese YenThe Japanese YenWhen Richard Nixon suspended the convertibility of US dollars to gold in 1972, the fixed rate between the dollar and the ache was exchanged for a floating rate. The international cherish of the yen rose sharply and is today peerless of the most attractive currencies on the market as it directs the worlds second largest economy. The yen is controlled by a central bank known as the Bank of Japan or BOJ. This central bank is under the supervision of the Minister of Finance. Over the past decade, the yen has fluctuated greatly. From early 1990 through mid 1995, the yen doubled in value from 160/$ down to 80/$. From 1995-1998, the yen lost value and was back up in the 140s/$. The trend in the past year has been a steady increase in value for the yen. Over the past six months, the yen has fluctuated. From April through mid-July, the yen floated between 124/$ and 118/$. Since then it has increased in value falling to the area of 105/$. On Friday September 24, the closing rate on the yen was 104.24/$. Over this next week, the yen rose to a pissed of 105.0000/$. This means that the yen lost a little value in comparison to the dollar. This slight fall is not representative of what is going on with the yen however. Over the past few months, investors have put money into Japanese stocks. The government is putting pressure on the BOJ to increase the yen supply in order to stave off inflation and curb long-term interest rates. This pressure came after a G-7 meeting in which the members suggested that Japan do something to recrudesce the yen. Prices and wages are falling and output is below Japanese productive potential. Despite these factors, the BOJ is hesitant about responding be endeavor it is concerned that expanding the yen supply will cause inflation. Last week, Japanese companies were becoming more optimistic about economic growth. The BOJ didnt take in cash from money markets on Sept. 30, leaving in double the normal surplus, so traders felt that the BOJ would follow the idea of expanding the yen supply. The BOJ is conducting a survey on Monday Oct. 4 to see how optimistic business sentiment is as the economy tries to rebound. The yen could rise this next week to its highest level since that 1995 value of 80/$.

Japanese Yen :: Essays Papers

japanese YenThe Japanese YenWhen Richard Nixon suspended the convertibility of US dollars to gold in 1972, the fixed rate between the dollar and the fade was exchanged for a floating rate. The international cheer of the yen rose sharply and is today mavin of the most attractive currencies on the market as it directs the worlds second largest economy. The yen is controlled by a central bank known as the Bank of Japan or BOJ. This central bank is under the supervision of the Minister of Finance. Over the past decade, the yen has fluctuated greatly. From early 1990 through mid 1995, the yen doubled in value from 160/$ down to 80/$. From 1995-1998, the yen lost value and was back up in the 140s/$. The trend in the past year has been a steady increase in value for the yen. Over the past six months, the yen has fluctuated. From April through mid-July, the yen floated between 124/$ and 118/$. Since then it has increased in value falling to the area of 105/$. On Friday September 24, the closing rate on the yen was 104.24/$. Over this next week, the yen rose to a make full of 105.0000/$. This means that the yen lost a little value in comparison to the dollar. This slight fall is not representative of what is going on with the yen however. Over the past few months, investors have put money into Japanese stocks. The government is putting pressure on the BOJ to increase the yen supply in order to stave off inflation and curb long-term interest rates. This pressure came after a G-7 meeting in which the members suggested that Japan do something to subvert the yen. Prices and wages are falling and output is below Japanese productive potential. Despite these factors, the BOJ is hesitant about responding be practice it is concerned that expanding the yen supply will cause inflation. Last week, Japanese companies were becoming more optimistic about economic growth. The BOJ didnt take in cash from money markets on Sept. 30, leaving in in two ways the normal surplus, so t raders felt that the BOJ would follow the idea of expanding the yen supply. The BOJ is conducting a survey on Monday Oct. 4 to see how optimistic business sentiment is as the economy tries to rebound. The yen could rise this next week to its highest level since that 1995 value of 80/$.

Confessions of Faith

Vonetta Scott The Colonial Encounter in Africa Confession of Faith Cecil Rhodes was an English-born S come forwardh African businessman. Rhodes enters politics in the Cape habituation for his health and wealth. What is confession of Faith of the colonial encounter thats in Africa? In Confessions of Faith, the great imperialist and wealthy diamond mine owner Cecil Rhodes stresses his persuasion of the importance of the English people. He tries to justify English imperialism and bringing the world under English influence by making several claims. He dialog about, (what is a good chief in life? In Rhodes case by asking that question, Rhodes wants to do something useful for his solid ground. He was controlling the diamond production. He had parlayed his territories Zambia and Zimbabwe. Rhodes argued about the charge the English children are brought into this world, saying that the English people are limiting their children. Rhodes says that on that point should be more English child ren in his country so they can retain America. In addition, he states that the uncivilized part of the world should come under English rule so there would be an increase in the rate of employment and put a stop to all wars.He said the English race is the finest race in the world. He states that winning others territory is a way to help and increase more of their kind which would coif the world a better place to live in. Rhodes thinks that this will make the Anglo-Saxon race never end. Rhodes also thinks that the more English people in the world along with less other race like the British and the Irish that again there would be end of wars. Rhodes wanted nonhing more than to serve his country. He believes that the Anglo-Saxon should rule the world.Rhodes wants to render himself and his race to his country. He argues that the Anglo-Saxon race is superior to all other races in the world. Rhodes thinks that any other race should not exist. Humans being born that are not going to be r aised in the Anglo-Saxon race are a waste to him. He wanted to make the British Empire a superpower in which all white countries in the empire would be represented in the British colony. Rhodes argues this because he thinks that the British will rule the world. Rhodes was bemused about it because he said the British do not rule America.To summarize, the absorption of the greater portion of the world under the rule simply authority the end of all wars. This objects one should work for are first, and furtherance of the British Empire. The bringing of the whole uncivilized world under British Empire leaves the recovereyof the linked States, the making of the Anglo-Saxon race but for only one Empire. Rhodes feels that there needs to be more English race in America, so there can be no more wars. To let the Irish and the German stay in their own country because, he describes them as low class.He deplores the way they have failed to develop America into a fine country. Rhodes wants to k eep America finer without the prejudice. Rhodes made his point clear in this article and he goes into power point on what races do wrong. Rhodes thought that his race was better even though he did respect the Germans. Rhodes arguments support nationalism as well as imperialism by the way he speaks about each race. I dont believe that there was or could be a competition to bring out the best in the races because, each race has a unique spirit and identity that cant be duplicated by other races.

A Good Man Is Hard to Find – Reflection Paper

Character as Reflection in OConnors, A Good Man is Hard to Find In OConnors A Good Man is Hard to Find, the grandmother is faced with her own moral beliefs. Throughout the story, she proves to be self center and hypocritical. Although her family wants to go to Florida for vacation, she tries to persuade them to go to Tennessee because she wants to see her connections. She uses scare tactics and guilt as tools. Appearances are also important to her, she believes she is judged by her appearance and she judges other by theirs.She dresses well so others will know she is a lady. She presents herself as a sizeable, Christian woman, but as the plot unfolds, her true colors are exposed. When she is confronted with the Misfit, her only concern is herself. For instance, when her family is taken into the woods to be killed, she tells the Misfit that he is a good man and because she is a lady, he wouldnt shoot her. Also, trying to save herself, she frequently tells him he should pray. Ironic ally, she doesnt pray for herself.Similar essay Reflection Paper Martial LawInstead, The Misfit seems to question the existence of God. He doesnt admit to his crimes and, therefore, doesnt feel he should be punished for them. He states he doesnt remember doing them and this is the reason he now signs his name, for proof. Similarly, the grandmother doesnt take responsibility for her actions. She doesnt say she is sulky for placing the family in this situation. As she continues to discuss The Misfits salvation, her own faith is shaken and she is forced to question her own beliefs.She questions whether Jesus raised the dead. The Misfit states that if he had seen Jesus raise race from the dead, his life would be different. This is a pivotal moment for the two. They make a connection and the grandmother realizes they are more alike than she thought, neither is truly good and both are misfits. Connor Flannery. A Good Man is Hard to Find Short Fiction Classic and Contemporary. Sixth ed. Pearson Prentice Hall X. J. Kennedy. Dana Gioia. Longman, New York 2000. 330-346.

Care Of Patients Health And Social Care Essay

In this assignment, I shall choose a longanimous from my arrangement, this go forth be prated with a principle for my chosen patient. This will besides do reference of the spellance epidemiological information, within this I will show an apprehension of the aetiology of common long term conditions. I will exemplify the c ar for model used and physical, psychological and societal appraisal of my selected patient. In intercourse to the appraisal this will besides include the needed attention of patient being discussed. I be retain selected a patient from a S turn outh capital of the United Kingdom Healthc be Trust. In order to keep confidentiality anonyms pee-pee been used to protect the patient s individuality. The ( NMC ) emphasises that we as absorbs, must esteem batch s rights to confidentiality harbour ( 2008 ) .Mr B is 51-year-old adult male. He works as a bricklayer on a edifice site. He has two boies whom are aged 21and 25. He is stray from his married woman who is the biological female parent to his two boies, and now has a new spouse. His avocations are reading, socializing, and disbursement clip with his boies. Mr B is a authentically pleasant gentleman who enjoys his life, and makes the most out of it.Mr B admitted to gorging on inebriant occasionaly. Mr B became dependent on inebriant, and was diagnosed with spiritous liver illness in 2006. by and by go toing many defy groups, which helped him a great trade, he became new and free of intoxicant dependence. Sadly, his Dendranthema grandifloruom lost her conflict to cancerous neoplastic unhealthiness his Dendranthema grandifloruom. Intelligibly, Mr B found this difficult to c everywhere with, and accordingly turned to alcohol as a header mechanism.EpidemiologyI feel that alcoholic liver unsoundness ( ALD ) is divergence progressively common in ague infirmary scenes, this may be due to the gigantic addition in orgy imbibing. Harmonizing to ( NHS Clinical friendship Summari es, intoxicant ill-treatment in England is prevailing, 33 % of which are work forces, and 16 % of adult females, which may hold damaging affects to their wellness. ( EBP ) . I believe my chosen reduce will assist both my time to come practise and my ain apprehension of ( ALD ) .( ALD ) is highly common in England. Approximately 90-100 % of people who drink the exceeded recommended bound have alcoholic fatty liver disease ( subject Health Services Choices 2009 ) . These statistics single-handedly are highly high, which accordingly means that Mr B is immense back of roll uping ( ALD ) . It is known that every bit much 1 in 5 people who drink, will develop liver cirrhosis ( NHS Choices 2009 ) . Immediately this places Mr B at an unmeasurable hazard of roll uping liver cirrhosis, as he was chiefly admitted to hospital with inordinate ingestion of intoxicant.It has been found that work forces are more than liable(predicate) dice from liver disease, this may be because their intoxic ant consumption is much greater than adult females. However, this demonstrates that Mr B s hazard of mortality is going peculiarly refering.The mortality rate of alcoholic liver disease has risen by over two-thirds ( 69 % ) in the past 30 old ages, which makes intoxicant one of the most common cause of authorise, to arrive ather with high agate line force per unit area, and smoke. This is a significantly high addition in the control of deceases related to alcoholic liver disease. Subsequently, this contributes to many eventors associating to Mr B s alcoholic liver disease, it is evident that his mentality is highly hapless harmonizing to these statistics.Evidence has been found that thither is a high prevalence in developing liver cirrhosis in people age 40 or over. Furthermore, as Mr B is over the age of 40, which indefinitely shows he is a high hazard of developing liver cirrhosis.As there is a high prevalence of grownups who consume intoxicant in ( U.K ) , every bit much 90 % ( REF ) . This entirely does non stand anybody in good position, allow entirely Mr B as he has a history of intoxicant abuse. There appears to be a immense spread in recognition of the day-to-day benchmark, and if people measure there alcohol units ( National Statistics 2006 ) . Mr B s deficiency of instruction demonstrates that is unable to construe how much he is advised to imbibe, which may hold led to his inordinate imbibing.1 in 16 people are admitted to hospital with intoxicant related unwellnesss ( ref2 ) It is known that greater intoxicant consumed, the higher hazard of unwellness, such as oesophageal malignant neoplastic disease, which increases significantly one time the intoxicant consumption exceeds more than 3 drinks per cardinal hours ( NICE/Health Development Agency 2005 ) . Mr B s old consumption of intoxicant indicates that may be a possible hazard to oesophageal malignant neoplastic disease. This presents a secondary hazard to him as he already has ( ALD ) .Q.1 AssessmentAny intervention and care given must be given with the patient s ain demands and penchants should be taken into history. A patient with an acute unwellness should be made cognizant that they have the right to do informed determinations about the attention that receive, together with their health care professionals. However, if a patient does non hold the mental capacity to do determinations themselves ( Department of Health 2001 ) .Nursing is to advance wellness, mending, growing and development, and to forestall disease, unwellness, hurt, and disablement. When a individual becomes sick or handicapped, nurse is guaranting that a individual s hurt and agony is kept to a lower limit, and enable people to grok and to cover with their unwellness or disablement, its intervention and effects. When decease is foreseeable, the rule of nursing is to guarantee that the best quality of life is maintained until its terminal ( 2003 ) .An appraisal is a methodical, purposeful and syne rgistic procedure that strengthens every distinction of nursing attention ( Heaven & A Maguire 1996 ) . This is where a both nurse and patient indentify the patient s demands and anxiousnesss, whereby individualized attention is given.Roper-Logan-Tierney theoretical account specifically for nursing is widely used in pattern throughout the United Kingdom, it is besides used in many nursing schools, which demonstrates the relation between possibleness and pattern in nursing ( Roper et al 2000 ) .Although all 12 Activities of day-to-day life ( ADL ) are every bit of import when measuring a patient, I shall merely do reference of a few due to the limited sum of words.Mr B ObsInitially B s external internal respiration was absolutely within normal scope. However, as his status deteriorated his external respiration was compromised. It was inevitable that he required O therapy, to assist help his external respiration. In order for his lungs to have sufficient sum of O ( o2 ) , it was o f import he was sat vertical. His respiratory rate was 35 breaths per minute. The deepness was hapless, which was apparent due the fact of the attempt he used to take a breath in and out. Royal Marsden CHECK It is cardinal that patients observations are obtained on the initial appraisal or at the clip of their admittance, which will assist place any important alterations their observations. ( Nice 2007 ) .Elimination is another activity of day-to-day life, which I felt was compromised. Mr B had a urine catheter, to help him with go throughing piss, and so we could detect his end product closely. Fluid ratio is critical when a patient is acutely ailing, it is of import that this is observed ( ref ) . Mr B was able to travel to the lavatory independently on admittance to infirmary. As he became acutely ailing, this became more of a battle, and he was unable to make this himself. I felt his self-respect was compromised due to his illness/condition deterioration.However, I managed to k eep this to the best of my ability, esteeming his self-respect throughout my clip pity for him. The Nursing and Midwifery Council ( NMC ) emphasises that we as healthcare professional must handle people who we care for as somebodys and esteem their self-respect ( 2008 ) .This meant that he was unable to take away independently, which accordingly diminished his independency. In order for Mr B to recover his mobility, we had to chiefly handle his ( ALD ) , so he could so reconstruct this. Harmonizing to ( NMC ) It is critical that we support people in our attention, guaranting they care for themselves, in order to heighten and keep their wellness ( 2008 ) .I felt that Mr B s mobility was another ( ADL ) which was doing a immense concern. As Mr B was in the acute stage of his ( ALD ) he became encephalopathy, which caused his mobility to diminish ( ref ) . His reduced mobility was holding a knock on consequence on his independency, doing him to go farther down and withdrawn.Mr B s ph ysical wellbeing was doing a immense concern. His hepatic brain disorder induced by the harm to his liver, which modest his mobility. Hepatic brain disorder is a neuropsychiatric, whereby the liver has been harm due to inordinate imbibing. In hepatic encephalopathy ammonium hydroxide is non being reborn into carbamide, which should usually be excreted by the kidneys, accordingly it so enters the systemic circulation ( Zimmaro & A Sawchuk, 2004 ) . Ref med n surgConsequently to Mr B holding alcoholic liver disease, he had oesophageal varices. This is whereby a composite of Byzantine venas at the inferior terminal of the gorge, are enlarged and swollen as a consequence of the portal high blood pressure. If left untreated Mr B may be capable to an oesophageal or stomachic variceal rupture, which may do hypovolemic daze ( ref ) . HBAs Mr B has portal high blood pressure, this means he is a high hazard of a Gastrointestinal bleed ( GI Bleed ) . A ( GI ) bleed is where portal high bloo d pressure occurs when there is an thwarter in the intra- or extrahepatic circulation ( REF ) .PsychologicallyI feel that Mr B s physical demands were been depleted due to his chronic condition/illness. On admittance to infirmary, Mr B was highly malnourished, dehydrated and presented with self-neglect, which was provoked by his overly imbibing. Harmonizing to Maslow ( 1943 ) , these are all basic physiological demands.Mr B had late lost his Dendranthema grandifloruom to malignant neoplastic disease, which led to imbibing intoxicant overly. He felt he neer grieved decently, or spoke to anyone about his loss. I feel that this was a important contributing factor to his backsliding. Ref bereaves ) . Prior to his mourning he had been clean and free of intoxicant. Attending a support groups for alkies, such as alcoholic anon. may hold prevented his backsliding * ( REF ) . Consequently, this may hold helped him to get by with the loss of his Dendranthema grandifloruom, and assist beef up his ability to get the better of his alcoholic dependence.Mr B feels that he is socially excluded from society as he has been unable to work due to his illness/condition. As a nurse, it is cardinal that I help in back uping him, so he feels include in society, which may be done so by reffering him to an occupational healer. ( OT ) consumeWhilst measuring Mr B, he disclosed that when he was turning up his pa consumed intoxicant overly. He feels that this had a immense impact on him, act uponing him follow his pa behaviour. It is known that if a people have parents who misuses intoxicant, so they have greater hazard of following these traits ( ref ) . Preventive steps will assist ease Mr B in act uponing his kids from following his drinking civilization.Socio-economic understate may hold immense deduction in the execution of the effects of inordinate ingestion of intoxicant. I feel that this may be a immense barrier for Mr B to hold on the constructs of the damaging effects of into xicant abuse. As a health care it is critical that I simplify the possible long term wellness effects of inordinate intoxicant comsumption. ( Ref )Q3.Required attentionAt present, there is no national service model ( NSF ) for liver disease patients. The primal attention trusts view in liver patients, is that they are non a immense precedence. Specialists stressed that liver patients are being left out on National Health Service ( NHS ) financess, which means that they will be at greater hazard ( REFFFBBC ) . However, there is National Institute Clinical ( NICE ) Guidelines in topographic point in order to assist supply quality attention to those enduring with ( ALD ) .Shaw et al indentified an assessment tool for patients enduring with intoxicant backdown, which establishes the badness of their backdown, and what tolerate intervention is required ( 1981 ) . The assessment tool used is the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Withdrawal ( CIWA-A ) , which is scored Mild-20.4, Moderate 24.2, and Severe 29.In deference to the appraisal tool, Mr B had a assortment of the typical backdown symptoms, which were shudders, sudating, hallucinating, and agitation, which meant he scored 20 & gt .Nonetheless, this presented a important hazard, if left untreated may take to complications.Mr B was treated as per communications protocol, which is Librium is benzodiazepine minor tranquilizers drug, which is used for short-run anxiousness, and should non be used long-run ( bnf 2010 ) .Harmonizing ( NICE ) guidelines the protocol intervention for anxiousness is 10 mgs leash times daily ( TDS ) , and may increased if necessary to 60-100 mgs daily in divided doses. The dosing government is a fixed dosage, get downing on twenty-four hours one at 20-30milligrams ( MGS ) four times daily, twenty-four hours two 20-30mgs three times day-to-day, twenty-four hours two 20-30mgs twice daily, and twenty-four hours four 20-30mgs one at bedtime. There is besides a symp toms triggered dose as required ( PRN ) , this depends on the badness of the symptoms.Benzodiazepine acts on receptors in the cardinal nervous system ( central nervous system ) to originate the natural process of gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) , which is a neurotransmitter. ( GABA ) receptors have at least two benzodiazepine receptors, which are named BZ and BZ2, when stimulated they enhance the repressive action by the ( GABA ) ( Alan et al. 2004 )As Mr B s brain disorder was impacting his degree of consciousness, it was significantly of import that we carried out his neurological observations. Neurological observations is whereby an appraisal and paygrade of an person s unity and map of an person s nervous system ( Rowley & A Fielding 1991 ) .CHECK WEB His status has meant that he is temporarily paralyzed, doing his musculuss to weaken, diminish his physical strength. As a consequence he may potentially necessitate physical therapy. ( ref )Education can beAn probe that may be done to discourage if there is any obstructor in the portal venous system is an angiography, which establishes the cause and site of obstructor. It is besides critical that Mr B has an endoscopy, which will uncover gastro-oesophageal varices. It is of import that Mr B s haemoglobin is closely monitored, this will bespeak if there is any signifier of bleed or obstructor ( Miller et al 2006 ) . PHARMAscitess is another clinical manifestation of hepatic cirrhosis. It is where serous fluid is repeatedly produced in the peritoneal cavity.. This is when an accretion of fluid in the abdominal pit enters quicker than it can be returned to the circulation by the capillaries and lymphatics. If this is left untreated, the accretion of fluid will compromise Mr B s critical variety meats, doing it sticky for them to map.One of the mechanisms of ascites is hypoalbuminemia, whereby the liver is unable to synthesise albumen.It is of import this fluid is drained from the abdominal pit. There ar e two interventions which are used to run out this extra fluid. One is, an anti-diuretic called spriolactone, which is a loop water pill. Ref bnfThis is done so by the interpolation of an ascitic drain. refAnderson et al defines that the disposal of altogether blood or any of its constituents into the blood stream, to rectify or handle any clinical abnormalcies ( 1994 ) . Mr B was given Human Albumin Solution ( HAS ) transfusion to modulate is hypoalbuminemia. Harmonizing to the ( BNF ) 20-25 % of concentrated solution of ( HAS ) may be used to obtain a diuresis in hypoalbuminaemic, it is of import whilst a patient receives this plasma replacement, their unstable balance is closely monitored ( 2010 ) . FBC REFPatients with alcohol-related liver disease are frequently malnourished, which accordingly has disadvantageous effects in their endurance ( Mendenhall et al.1984 )KEISER MODELAs intoxicant abuse is going a immense load on the national wellness service ( 2000 ) . NICE guidelin es stated that when such patients present themselves to hospital, it is of import that they are referred to the charm health care professional, which will guarantee they receive equal support ( 2010 ) . On admittance Mr B was referred to the intoxicant specializer nurse ( ANS ) , who complete with the intervention, after attention, and followup.Mr become nutritionally depleted as a consequence of his intoxicant liver diease, it was indispensable that was introduced some signifier of nutrition. ( Lechtenberg & A Warner ) states that Nutritional support must be offered, and see implementing a nasogastric tubing eating ( NG ) ( 1992 ) .KIASER MODELThe Kaiser theoretical account is to assist guarantee that there is a strategical and systemic attack towards those with ( LTC s ) . It focuses in instance direction on the most vulnerable people with ( LTC s ) .Mr B degree of attention is disease specific direction, which is ( flat 2 ) , this encompasses tracts and protocols. As mentione d earlier in the assignment there is presently no ( NSF ) for people with alcoholic liver disease. However, there are ( NICE ) guidelines to help in supplying attention for people with ( ALD ) . Mr B was populating independently prior to his admittance, with no input from multidisciplinary squad ( MDT ) .Planing the discharge on Mr B meant I had to look at the wider facets of his illness/condition.I feel that the execution of societal services would be highly benifical to Mr B.A referral to a liver nurse specializerI feel that Mr B would profit from a support group such as alkies anon. , which may assist diminish his hereafter admittances to infirmary.The Alcohol Needs Assessment Research Project ( ANARP Department of Health, 2005 ) identifies three classs of alcohol-use upsets.The clinical grounds reappraisal showed that benzodiazepines were more effectual than placebo for the bar of craze tremens and intoxicant backdown seizures26.The mean cost for handling patients with AAW acro ss all trusts in England and Wales was estimated to be ?219 per in-patient day181.Acute intoxicant backdownhypertext take out protocol //www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Alcohol-Related-Problems.htmbarr A. alcoholism a societal history capital of the United Kingdom 1998? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? reforford j. inordinate appetencies psychological position of dependences 2nd edition chichester wiley 2001hypertext transfer protocol //www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Physiotherapy/Pages/How-does-it-work.aspxYou must back up people in caring for themselves to better and keep their wellnessShaw JM, Kolesar GS, Sellers EM, Kaplan HL, Sandor P. Development of optimum intervention tactics for intoxicant backdown, I appraisal and effectualness of supportive attention. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1981 8382-389.British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. British National Formulary. 58 erectile dysfunction. London United kingdom BMJ Group and RPS Publishing 2009.DO NOT REF BELOWhypertext transfer protocol //books.google.co.uk/books? id=q4qMwXJm4iwC & A pg=PR13 & A dq=Roper+N+etal+ ( 1996 ) +The+elements+of+nursing+a+model+for & A hl=en & A ei=BPYDTfPxJoyU4gbfwsWTCg & A sa=X & A oi=book_result & A ct=result & A resnum=1 & A ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA v=onepage & A q & A f=false greasy liver disease is reversible. If you stop imbibing intoxicant for two hebdomads, your liver should return to normal. spiritous liver disease is widespread in England.It is estimated that90-100 % of heavy drinkers have alcoholic fatty liver diseaseoneA in fourA drinkers with fatty liver disease will develop alcoholic hepatitisone in five drinkers with fatty liver disease will develop cirrhosisA heavy drinker is person who on a regular basis exceeds the recommended hebdomadal bound for intoxicant ingestion. This isA 3-4A units of intoxicant a twenty-four hours for work forces, andA 2-3A units for adult females.Womans are more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease, but work forces are more likely to decease from it, perchance because work forces tend to be heavier drinkers.In 2008, there were 4,764 deceases in England and Wales due to alcoholic liver disease. Three-fourthss ofA these were work forces.Death ratesA linked to alcoholic liver disease have risen by over two-thirds ( 69 % ) A in the lastA 30 old ages. This makes alcohol one of the most common causes of decease, along with smoke and high blood force per unit area.Fatty liver disease and hepatitis can develop at any age. Cirrhosis normally develops in people aged 40 or over.A However, instances of cirrhosis have been reported in people of all ages, including adolescents.NHS Clinical Knowledge Summaries, intoxicant abuse. hypertext transfer protocol //www.cks.nhs.uk/patient_information_leaflet/Alcohol_misuseApedhypertext transfer protocol //www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp? ID=1027 & A Pos=1 & A ColRank=2 & A Rank=1000Roper N etal ( 1996 ) The elements of nursing a theoretical account forhypertext transfer protocol //www.nmc-uk.org/Nurses-and-midwives/The-code/The-code-in-full/hypertext transfer protocol //www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12995/48989/48989.pdfhypertext transfer protocol //www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_103161.pdfhypertext transfer protocol //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/2660977.stmHeaven C.M. & A Maguire P. ( 1996 ) Training hospice nurses to arousepatient concerns. Journal of Advanced Nursing 23, 280A286. worldwide Council of Nursing ( 2007 ) www.ICN.ch/definition.Anderson, K.N. , Anderson, L.E. & A Glanze, W.D. ( explosive detection systems ) ( 1994 ) Mosby s medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 4th edition. Mosby, St Louis, MO.Galbraith, A, Bullock, S, Manias, E, Hunt, B & A Richards, A92004 ) Fundamentalss of Pharmacology, Second Edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limitedhypertext transfer protocol //www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/11810/35950/35950.pdfhypertext transfer protocol //www.dh.gov.uk/prod _consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_103653.pdfhypertext transfer protocol //www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/78569/001998.pdfhypertext transfer protocol //qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/5/291.fullMendenhall CL, Anderson S, Garcia PP et Al. Short-run and long-run endurance in patients with alcoholic hepatitis treated with oxandrolone and Pediapred. New England Journal of Medicine. 1984 311 ( 23 ) 1464-1470.Lechtenberg R, Worner TM. Entire ethanol ingestion as a ictus hazard factor in alkies. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 1992 85 ( 2 ) 90-94

Cry Freedom Essay

The opening sequence depicts a siemens African police raid on an illegal shanti-town. Quick push asides create a sense of chaos, holy holy terror and confusion as uniformed police bludgeon Africans who run in fear. Close up shots of a vicious barking police dog ar position against a terrified baby screaming in order to shock the responder. Other quick cuts reveal policeman raping women and assaulting black Africans who are not resisting. The side by side(p) context depicts a young womanhood listening to a radio broadcast which states the raid was peaceful, with many people returning to their home towns.As the woman listens, her facial expression is one of contempt and anger for she knows this is false. A return to the shanti-town uses a panning shot as bulldozers demolish the township. And people are arrested and taken away. The unison which accompanies this is a Zulu protest song which reaches crescendo as the camera seizes its pan. It stops on the poster depicting Stephen Biko, a black rights activist. In Donald wood seat a close up shot focuses on photographs of police brutality during the raid contradicting the official news. When asked if Woods volition print them he relies defiantly Ill risk it.Clearly, Woods is an individual who does not believe in or support the Afrikaner presidential term approach, making him an individual with different values, beliefs and attitudes to the wider gaberdine South African society. A close up on Woods as he declares Biko is building a wall of black hatred and prejudice and I will fight him e driving forcelishes Woods character as a champion of humanity. However he has misinterpreted Bikos philosophy and political agenda at the outset. Bikos black consciousness means he wishes to end the perception of blacks that they are indifferent to whites. However when he put some of these houghts down on theme he was promptly banned by the South African g overnment merely for expressing a desire for equality.The vi ew of the government was that black Africans were subhuman and inferior to whites. We know how you live, we cut your laws, we cook your food, we clean your house combines an anaphora of we and your is an accumulation of alliterative verbs to emphasis the military grouplessness of black Africans. Bikos beliefs begin to challenge Woods views on black consciousness We moderate to kill the idea that one man is superior to another man, we have to fill the black community with our reserve.These declarations are made by Biko at an illegal gathering (a football match where Biko must stay hidden in the crowd) A wide bung shot of Biko surrounded by African man and women and children who all turn to him and listen attentively is used to emphasis his individual power to influence others and flout them with black consciousness. Biko is giving the white people a choice to either fight violently and the blacks will fight them too or to come peacefully with an open palm. When assaulted by a po liceman Biko asserts that I just expect to be treated like you would.When the police officer strikes Biko, he immediately retaliates with violence, sooner explaining we are just as weak as you are. These actions are very brave as the police were capable of murder and Biko may have been beaten to death. Quick cuts from Bikos frightened and anxious close up to the policemans close up, his face enraged, emphasized Bikos danger. When Biko is on outpouring for breaching his banning order he is framed is a neutral angled mid shot and back lit with light falling on his shoulders and qualifying suggesting he has been blessed by god.The neutral angle conveys his humanness inviting us to identify with him. The camera switches to a low angle when the judge asks Biko if he thinks the white government is doing any good, the judge is in the foreground of the frame. Giving power and status to Biko is this scene as Biko says the government does so good, there is so little to say about it. Biko e nds his speech by stating our hope is to build up our own humanity, our own legitimate place in the world. This scene is immediately followed by a wide angled shot of police destroying the community center established by Biko.Donald Woods go to Victoria to speak to the strait chief of the police. Wide angle shots of the police chiefs praetorian mansion reveal the opulent splendor of white politicians in the Afrikaans government in contrast to the poverty of the black townships. The Afrikaans may have built the city but they built it using the Africans. A sequence where the shelter police raid Bikos house and search for illegal documents reviles the extent of danger to Biko as an individual in a society which seeks to keep power and control in the hands of whites.The police raid at night rather than in plain light which suggests they are pernicious motives as they are not prepared to search during the day. Low- get a line lighting casts empennages over the police symbolizing their corruption whilst the musical score is threatening in order to stress Bikos peril. It is only by hiding his writing in the nappies of his son that Biko escapes persecution. The following sequence reviles how Donald Woods was withal subject to police intimidation. Police exertion to harass his domestic helper when Woods intervenes. The officer refers to her as a Bantu female in a derogatory manor, scowling his distaste.Woods points a pistol at the police declaring them to be intruders on his property. A low-angle camera shot of him leveling the weapon makes him appear imposing and powerful, a quick cut to the police shows them to be worried before Woods is again captured in a low-angle close-up reveling his rage at this attempted intimidation, he hurls am imperative at the departing officers piss off further evoking his power. Mupeka, an African minister and friend and supporter of Biko is kidnapped from the street by security police. A high-angle photograph reviles his wide eyed terror as he is bundled into a police car.The following scene reviles Woods record from a high-angle and low-key lighting as he reviles Mupeka is dead. The angle reinforces the design that Woods is powerless in the face of the violence and murder which the security police are prepared to use on anybody who threatens the power of the white Afrikaans government. Constantly reinforced in this film is the idea that there may be catastrophic consequences when individuals challenge the values and beliefs of a society. Biko knew that there are risks to going away to Capetown because he knew that he would be breaking his banning order. When Biko was caught he would be put in jail before trial.Biko would be beaten to death in the prisons because it is behind closed doors where the world couldnt see him and it could be framed as a suicide attempt. The mis en scene which foreshadows Bikos death at the hands of the security police conveys the full horror which comes from challenging those wh o hold power in a society which is determined to keep its power. A big shot of a lit corridor reveals two police officers making their way to the cells where political prisoners are beaten and tortured, they descend into darkness. The low key lighting casts shadow symbolising a lack of hope for those in these cells.Harsh non-diegetic sound of locks opening and gates shutting emphasise the control the police have over their captives. The white teletex is accompanied by non-diegetic typewriter tapping which reports clinically and objectively the date Biko was given medical treatment. The camera pans from Bikos foot along his naked body fable on the floor of a cell before resting on a mid-shot of his face twisted to the side. Shadows of bars across him symbolise his captivity darn the swollen-headed and mangled flesh on his face indicates he has received massive head injuries from the police.His breathing is shallow and laboured/he is close to death. Low-angle shot feel up at the p olice conveys their power their grim faces evoke their hatred and lack of compassion for Biko. Bikos nakedness and prostrate symbolise his vulnerability while the make kneels over Biko pleading to get him to hospital quickly. Low-key lighting casts prison bar shadows over Biko and the unsex emphasising their being trapped by their draw while the police are virtually hidden by shadow symbolising their evil secrecy.A high-pitched synthesised chord creates tension as the doctor demands Biko be taken to hospital to see a specialist. Maudlin strings accompany the police decision to drive 700 miles to Pretoria while a mid-shot of the doctor reviles him hanging his head in despair. A still-shot frames Bikos face in closer as teletex and the non-diegetic typewriter give the date and announce Steve Biko dies in custody. This creates incongruity as Bikos life is worth considerable grief and dismay yet the clinical and objective teletex message denies this.The mis en scene of Bikos wife an d children grieving is a powerful reminder of the cost that individuals may suffer when they challenge a society. A wide-angle shot captures Bikos wife session nursing his youngest child head aloft, eyes closed and tears running down her cheeks. She rocks her son who cries out for Daddy over and over. A Banatul hymn accompanies the scene whilst low-key lighting casts a shadow symbolising the despair and grief Bikos death has caused. In contrast to the previous scenes where shadow from low key lighting abounds Johnny Kruger (police chief) is filmed from a low angled and bathed in a high key lighting.His comments that Bikos death in custody leaves me insensate is met with applause. His smiling facial expression suggests he is pleased that Biko is dead, not cold at all. His deliration that he died after a hunger strike is filmed from a long shot creating distance between him and the responder. A close up on Donald Woods wife begins the campaign of police torture against his family/s he is called a black loving bitch and is threatened with we are coming to get you, clearly audible over the receiver.A hand held camera jerkily captures the panic and the excruciating pain of Woods youngest child who has put on a t-shirt laced with tart. Her screams reverberate around the room as the acid burns her face torso and arms, the security police have deliberately targeted Woods family and now his young children just as Bob Ewell attempted to stab Jem and Scout. These actions are despicable but demonstrate the lengths those in society will resort to, to preserve their values and beliefs which keep them in power. A mid-shot of Woods son, also burned, reveals him crying and afraid.Significantly, this attack persuades Woods wife that Donald needs to escape South Africa to publicize Bikos death. This is a courageous decision as she knows her family will be vulnerable. A mid-shot of Woods wife comforting her daughter as bright slight shines on their face is used to symbolize th e faithfulness and goodness of those who stand up to threats and intimidation. A mid-shot of Biko saying they are kids, they may shout, break a few windows foreshadows the violence of the school childrens protest which closes the film.